[{"id":211843701,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Does daycare damage children's brains?","social_title":"Does daycare damage children's brains?","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"daycare-barely-matters","post_date":"2026-08-19T13:31:49.632Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/daycare-barely-matters","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":114},"restacks":10,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"If it had a clear effect on children we would know by now.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1VOV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d146bba-ee76-498e-91d7-56ee2883e967_2560x1707.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":211843701,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"If it had a clear effect on children we would know by now.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece is featured in Issue 25 of Works in Progress. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":1602,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":211843701,"starts_at":"2026-08-19T13:31:49.591Z","ended_at":"2026-08-19T14:31:49.767Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-08-19T12:56:53.475Z","updated_at":"2026-08-19T14:33:55.528Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[236,208,16],"population":2},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[196,149,17],"population":21},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[223,184,132],"population":63},"Muted":{"rgb":[157,104,92],"population":18},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[83,77,49],"population":16},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[236,228,220],"population":1476}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":78551616,"name":"Phoebe Arslanagić-Little","handle":"phoebearslanagic","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610ba6a0-00be-40de-9cb8-7eaad9027d75_307x307.jpeg","bio":"I work on the birth rate challenge at the Boom Campaign and as Head of the New Deal for Parents at Onward. Find me on X at @pmarslanagic. ","profile_set_up_at":"2022-12-28T21:26:30.182Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-12-28T21:25:53.565Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3412275,"primaryPublicationName":"Phoebe Arslanagić-Little","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://phoebearslanagic.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://phoebearslanagic.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":2651297,"name":"Ellen Pasternack","handle":"ellenpasternack","photo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/21ef9c20-4407-4760-b6ae-cfd822bb35dd_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Editor at Works in Progress. Interested in biology, policy, and culture. My website with more writing and info is here: https://ellenpasternack.weebly.com/","profile_set_up_at":"2022-11-18T11:15:48.924Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-05-17T13:27:35.304Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":1153766,"user_id":2651297,"publication_id":1199360,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":1199360,"name":"Ellen Pasternack’s Substack","subdomain":"ellenpasternack","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Writing on biology, feminism & culture","logo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/914b32eb-4316-4887-a98c-45ee27495c0b_603x603.png","author_id":2651297,"primary_user_id":2651297,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-11-18T11:16:44.488Z","email_from_name":"Ellen Pasternack’s Substack","copyright":"Ellen Pasternack","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"pastasnack_e","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":114,"comment_count":24,"child_comment_count":12,"audio_items":[{"post_id":211843701,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/211843701/tts/2c567216-7da6-456e-a5b4-ac540b9cc260/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":211525189,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Medical innovation needs you","social_title":"Medical innovation needs you","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"saloni-ted-talk","post_date":"2026-08-17T15:35:44.250Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/saloni-ted-talk","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":59},"restacks":1,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Saloni's TED talk on clinical innovation was released today.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b3ae0560-6217-4afa-85a3-2dd79fc5e467_2786x1514.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":211525189,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Saloni's TED talk was published today.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"In April, I gave a TED talk on the main stage in Vancouver, and it was released online today. You can watch it here.","wordcount":509,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0bde3813-7abf-463a-95dc-bb3060dfac03","publication_id":90387,"name":"global health","slug":"global-health","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[163,104,65],"population":14},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[4,20,60],"population":212},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[244,228,216],"population":193},"Muted":{"rgb":[187,152,127],"population":409},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[61,37,34],"population":289},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[228,208,193],"population":58}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":59,"comment_count":4,"child_comment_count":3,"audio_items":[{"post_id":211525189,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/211525189/tts/16decbb5-a603-4ec0-ac51-125d7adcf2c8/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":211073126,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Will factory farming fix itself?","social_title":"Why rich countries treat animals better","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"will-factory-farming-fix-itself","post_date":"2026-08-14T13:35:08.899Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/will-factory-farming-fix-itself","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":165},"restacks":23,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"What smog, deforestation, and child labor tell us about the future of animal suffering","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qLc1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed180908-d5ce-4583-92ef-099ef2d9bc75_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":211073126,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"What smog, deforestation, and child labor tell us about the future of animal suffering","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece was featured in Issue 25 of Works in Progress. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":2297,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":211073126,"starts_at":"2026-08-14T13:35:09.179Z","ended_at":"2026-08-14T14:35:09.338Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-08-13T18:03:41.562Z","updated_at":"2026-08-14T14:35:33.454Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[76,204,123],"population":294},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[29.402608695652187,103.19739130434782,56.49913043478263],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[252,228,236],"population":431},"Muted":{"rgb":[120,165,119],"population":18},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[33.92608695652175,119.07391304347824,65.19130434782609],"population":0},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[203,179,178],"population":30}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":165,"comment_count":19,"child_comment_count":5,"audio_items":[{"post_id":211073126,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/211073126/tts/36fe9b48-63bf-4691-9094-66c6d405d3ab/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":210520274,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Cure all diseases","social_title":"Cure all diseases","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"future-of-medicine","post_date":"2026-08-12T13:03:25.054Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/future-of-medicine","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":285},"restacks":57,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Few people know how much medicine has progressed in their lifetimes. Fewer know how much faster it could be progressing.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/77e25219-e625-4049-ada2-ad77ccb61ea8_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":210520274,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Few people know how much medicine has progressed in their lifetimes. Fewer know how much faster it could be progressing.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece is featured in Issue 25 of Works in Progress. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":4629,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0bde3813-7abf-463a-95dc-bb3060dfac03","publication_id":90387,"name":"global health","slug":"global-health","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":210520274,"starts_at":"2026-08-12T13:03:25.697Z","ended_at":"2026-08-12T14:03:25.847Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-08-10T09:17:24.186Z","updated_at":"2026-08-12T14:05:47.298Z","creator_id":4267654,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[240.51136363636363,162.27272727272728,14.48863636363638],"population":0},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[125.06590909090909,84.38181818181818,7.5340909090909225],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[250,223,172],"population":744},"Muted":{"rgb":[108,172,156],"population":746},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[144.30681818181816,97.36363636363635,8.693181818181838],"population":0},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[203,210,172],"population":51}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":285,"comment_count":24,"child_comment_count":16,"audio_items":[{"post_id":210520274,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/210520274/tts/0b2a6398-d03c-4d35-81a3-4f03db52c216/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":210076257,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The upper limits of biology","social_title":"The upper limits of biology","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"why-horses-have-stopped-getting-faster","post_date":"2026-08-06T14:10:29.311Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/why-horses-have-stopped-getting-faster","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":116},"restacks":10,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"How much faster could racehorses get?","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/13e98de0-30b4-49ac-93f5-1036a31bc597_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":210076257,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"The limits of breeding for speed","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece is featured in Issue 25 of Works in Progress. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":3884,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":210076257,"starts_at":"2026-08-06T14:10:30.218Z","ended_at":"2026-08-06T15:10:30.399Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-08-06T13:58:53.567Z","updated_at":"2026-08-06T15:11:22.534Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[204,171,121],"population":494},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[62,49,28],"population":305},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[212,179,124],"population":8},"Muted":{"rgb":[157,134,92],"population":203},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[68,52,36],"population":886},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[196,166,118],"population":415}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":20754996,"name":"Sophie Fessl","handle":"brainosoph","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9d9102cb-56f5-4397-893a-bd7c3cb17fa1_144x144.png","bio":"Writing about science, medicine, life...","profile_set_up_at":"2025-02-14T07:57:37.951Z","reader_installed_at":null,"is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":6678134,"primaryPublicationName":"Booked Out - Bücher für Mütter mit vollem Kalender","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://bookedoutmama.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://bookedoutmama.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":116,"comment_count":15,"child_comment_count":8,"audio_items":[{"post_id":210076257,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/210076257/tts/bc63ef54-9643-409f-a489-3d16901342d2/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":209232475,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"How ugliness helps NIMBYs","social_title":"How ugliness helps NIMBYs","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"why-ugly-buildings-create-nimbyism","post_date":"2026-07-31T14:21:02.890Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/why-ugly-buildings-create-nimbyism","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":111},"restacks":16,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"And how beauty could help get more homes built","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l934!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1870dae7-9724-4c4e-8d6c-7fa507e6291c_1456x971.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":209232475,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"And how beauty could help get more homes built","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece is featured in Issue 25 of Works in Progress, which will arrive with subscribers in the second week of August. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":5124,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"dcbd112f-95fd-48c7-947c-1bc5c7bbcee6","publication_id":90387,"name":"cities","slug":"cities","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":209232475,"starts_at":"2026-07-31T14:21:02.286Z","ended_at":"2026-07-31T15:21:02.520Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-07-31T11:02:58.103Z","updated_at":"2026-07-31T15:21:08.588Z","creator_id":442987033,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[25.499999999999964,99.6818181818181,229.50000000000003],"population":0},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[13.259999999999984,51.83454545454542,119.34000000000002],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[156,188,244],"population":3208},"Muted":{"rgb":[148,108,124],"population":1},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[124,68,76],"population":3},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[156,164,212],"population":38}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":111,"comment_count":18,"child_comment_count":10,"audio_items":[{"post_id":209232475,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/209232475/tts/38414de1-49d2-4413-93f0-675416c8cfec/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":208304272,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Are miracle drugs hiding in plain sight?","social_title":"Are miracle drugs hiding in plain sight?","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"are-miracle-drugs-hiding-in-plain-sight","post_date":"2026-07-24T12:52:48.521Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":9102.838,"video_upload_id":"ec235195-2cd1-43b2-90d4-aab0d9c245ba","podcast_upload_id":"49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/are-miracle-drugs-hiding-in-plain-sight","section_id":308336,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"hard-drugs","section_name":"Hard Drugs","reactions":{"❤":26},"restacks":6,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"GLP-1 drugs have transformed the treatment of obesity and diabetes, and also help with heart disease, kidney disease and sleep apnea. But they are far from the only medicine with more than one use.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bbee1b7f-00c6-4ab5-85b7-bc6d7525b83e_799x533.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f1afc29-e985-4414-9fdc-179d4865f94b_2090x2090.png","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f1afc29-e985-4414-9fdc-179d4865f94b_2090x2090.png","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/src","videoUpload":{"id":"ec235195-2cd1-43b2-90d4-aab0d9c245ba","name":"J&S Ep11.mp4","created_at":"2026-07-24T08:02:07.023Z","uploaded_at":"2026-07-24T08:07:19.338Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":208304272,"user_id":4267654,"duration":9102.875,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1784880611,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":5383800556,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"ZypbqlljkMf5nPYHGb02tayQ02fVNSql7iqYJ6n9oVEi00","mux_playback_id":"MqbJ3yZrV2O6R438hbGtALqU9laSKeyPwahbrx8eZ1s","mux_preview_asset_id":"l601MfcSbQfTlnxVf01GJdBekQZXu1IqLWAkJV90151B14","mux_preview_playback_id":"Pt7jwjVe1nGkflbjiWIMctOZdQg00X1eu8DdAawcPSNs","mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":"high","explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8","name":null,"created_at":"2026-07-24T08:07:19.357Z","uploaded_at":"2026-07-24T08:07:19.338Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":208304272,"user_id":4267654,"duration":9102.838,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":145645955,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"ec235195-2cd1-43b2-90d4-aab0d9c245ba","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8","created_at":"2026-07-24T08:09:21.715Z","requested_by":4267654,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KY9MQT0ZMDNS1SFYDACJGTTA","approved_at":"2026-07-24T08:50:42.185Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/transcription.json?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=NNt3B-XkbxGfaJlKYxEmX3wPruLb5DIHGnJnTrNz-4W~aCE~AKp3PEkNSSNw5U~FFW81HX4ThOsfZwvdQEyVm7WIQwzqjUcmp0H69JoJvheGsbCF9razn6iqnJHMkw3j~oWjAMse6e2jKqGqY3hwqYMAnS5Sa0o6oUuOtkrDTm1MTFUjkuvdpr7yDcdGMoouyliGPGerT3z4iBGh1Vwi8J4b-V9-f531FTHd3rr~d1hQuyDM4Am7dUf-xTIYp04DvOuu-Ay6V9Is-fsufRcnVkGv0X5lhbSvw5TOsQl7fbg2Tqb96kSW4vISoH9avQaFPuzVC12Z0-gUtFjc0wmLNA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=CYWAvzmMcaZ~kRFBER8oVdiEdplN-vWgMsZ8GxhN1Jxav8B2hxBlq~2PJ8rTcZ-sqsucZimnyd~-b92~SLfbI2~mZxqgm2o4K2F8zVejBoWz81q2U7Ehj0~gYbEU5vqqyjXutBE3tJ4R3FPTFxUgAVifLVBlfYPEX~xGdLvYDe7Qe0Tq3cfjz6yXI-l9~m34Gn28Gl1SQw2b4t9yafPLnXbCKI5U4kIXlKdQBNiyJYce-~gMRPOFTTr9rEZ6z0q4hUGtVWmgOGPK-Umc408g94l~231N4zet6DbYmSkzrytt11C8UeJBiMmyQJSdYG3EnWQupX3NIdIcJM3xEuqHYA__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/en.vtt?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=EgAvY7qSXYPAD5Z0HwUcvsuWI65PIYSObFecmwAnsj9albMwKj7fWyCGG5FmMoEzU0KnZ6OPX4vOMgv1W5V9txG2yhfPCTeaX1Y8nAFPVp81xa3uG-KWoo6mu5BTGQGEkle3PZS4qBEmnJqvmdTrAiPKxK8ep7A93SU5fM~~FwfD00LA~e6ceZ97qXpgsnvnZZYw-jkYwWERZxh-qL2zqG37gA7Peo-mBrcsvcCi4tb28IigA9X5T7gjAFCWCqxwGleBDCv2bZLPcbqSAv~cKTX6-xgo17OjdO3gwThbvos-zchaAveSP6sC-tzaio46Ywngyk3tDHhY34czortDlQ__","original":true}]}}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":208304272,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8","name":null,"created_at":"2026-07-24T08:07:19.357Z","uploaded_at":"2026-07-24T08:07:19.338Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":208304272,"user_id":4267654,"duration":9102.838,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":145645955,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"ec235195-2cd1-43b2-90d4-aab0d9c245ba","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8","created_at":"2026-07-24T08:09:21.715Z","requested_by":4267654,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KY9MQT0ZMDNS1SFYDACJGTTA","approved_at":"2026-07-24T08:50:42.185Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/transcription.json?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=NNt3B-XkbxGfaJlKYxEmX3wPruLb5DIHGnJnTrNz-4W~aCE~AKp3PEkNSSNw5U~FFW81HX4ThOsfZwvdQEyVm7WIQwzqjUcmp0H69JoJvheGsbCF9razn6iqnJHMkw3j~oWjAMse6e2jKqGqY3hwqYMAnS5Sa0o6oUuOtkrDTm1MTFUjkuvdpr7yDcdGMoouyliGPGerT3z4iBGh1Vwi8J4b-V9-f531FTHd3rr~d1hQuyDM4Am7dUf-xTIYp04DvOuu-Ay6V9Is-fsufRcnVkGv0X5lhbSvw5TOsQl7fbg2Tqb96kSW4vISoH9avQaFPuzVC12Z0-gUtFjc0wmLNA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=CYWAvzmMcaZ~kRFBER8oVdiEdplN-vWgMsZ8GxhN1Jxav8B2hxBlq~2PJ8rTcZ-sqsucZimnyd~-b92~SLfbI2~mZxqgm2o4K2F8zVejBoWz81q2U7Ehj0~gYbEU5vqqyjXutBE3tJ4R3FPTFxUgAVifLVBlfYPEX~xGdLvYDe7Qe0Tq3cfjz6yXI-l9~m34Gn28Gl1SQw2b4t9yafPLnXbCKI5U4kIXlKdQBNiyJYce-~gMRPOFTTr9rEZ6z0q4hUGtVWmgOGPK-Umc408g94l~231N4zet6DbYmSkzrytt11C8UeJBiMmyQJSdYG3EnWQupX3NIdIcJM3xEuqHYA__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/208304272/49f4c1f7-835e-4f39-8d61-d378457c63c8/1784882666/en.vtt?Expires=1790796143&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=EgAvY7qSXYPAD5Z0HwUcvsuWI65PIYSObFecmwAnsj9albMwKj7fWyCGG5FmMoEzU0KnZ6OPX4vOMgv1W5V9txG2yhfPCTeaX1Y8nAFPVp81xa3uG-KWoo6mu5BTGQGEkle3PZS4qBEmnJqvmdTrAiPKxK8ep7A93SU5fM~~FwfD00LA~e6ceZ97qXpgsnvnZZYw-jkYwWERZxh-qL2zqG37gA7Peo-mBrcsvcCi4tb28IigA9X5T7gjAFCWCqxwGleBDCv2bZLPcbqSAv~cKTX6-xgo17OjdO3gwThbvos-zchaAveSP6sC-tzaio46Ywngyk3tDHhY34czortDlQ__","original":true}]}},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Watch now | GLP-1 drugs have transformed the treatment of obesity and diabetes, and also help with heart disease, kidney disease and sleep apnea. But they are far from the only medicine with more than one use.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and Mounjaro have transformed the treatment of obesity as well as diabetes, can help treat heart disease, kidney disease, sleep apnea, and maybe even Alzheimer’s.","wordcount":23514,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0bde3813-7abf-463a-95dc-bb3060dfac03","publication_id":90387,"name":"global health","slug":"global-health","hidden":false},{"id":"a72dece2-d8a0-49f1-ba82-d6dbe4c3da30","publication_id":90387,"name":"FDA","slug":"fda","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[184,140,105],"population":495},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[72,49,29],"population":456},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[233,180,150],"population":126},"Muted":{"rgb":[156,116,87],"population":562},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[86,62,44],"population":457},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[199,160,133],"population":52}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":109165,"name":"Jacob Trefethen","handle":"jacobtrefethen","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/93e16306-a576-458c-b29d-28adfbe3dac6_1206x1206.png","bio":"Science blog @ blog.jacobtrefethen.com (you can subscribe there)","profile_set_up_at":"2023-08-08T22:29:02.955Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-08-08T22:28:29.842Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":4772714,"primaryPublicationName":"Jacob Trefethen","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://jacobtrefethen.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://jacobtrefethen.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":26,"comment_count":5,"child_comment_count":4,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":208059893,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The myth of medieval childhood","social_title":"The myth of medieval childhood","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"did-medieval-people-love-their-children","post_date":"2026-07-23T14:07:16.000Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/did-medieval-people-love-their-children","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":248},"restacks":23,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Is it really plausible that children survived the hardship of medieval life without devoted parents?","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BrXU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16b037e7-7e03-4d90-b7df-58791fddbfe2_2560x1707.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":208059893,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Is it really plausible that children survived the hardship of medieval life without devoted parents?","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Growing up, I acquired a vague idea that medieval people did not view childhood as we do. I was told they saw children merely as defective or incomplete adults, and that they did not love their children as we love ours, perhaps as a way of coping with high infant mortality. As I grew older, I came to associ…","wordcount":866,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":208059893,"starts_at":"2026-07-23T14:07:16.813Z","ended_at":"2026-07-23T15:07:17.013Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-07-23T14:03:28.528Z","updated_at":"2026-07-23T15:08:39.819Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[180,64,20],"population":2},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[113,63,21],"population":332},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[241.74,164.832,135.65999999999997],"population":0},"Muted":{"rgb":[161,137,90],"population":346},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[83,72,45],"population":73},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[185,162,112],"population":390}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":248,"comment_count":11,"child_comment_count":8,"audio_items":[{"post_id":208059893,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/208059893/tts/aa75c6b8-4b35-47cf-bf5f-4f39f9c411b5/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":208058071,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Lessons from a high-fertility subculture","social_title":"How Hasidic Jews have so many children","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"lessons-from-a-high-fertility-subculture","post_date":"2026-07-22T13:26:59.807Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/lessons-from-a-high-fertility-subculture","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":163},"restacks":26,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Modernity has meant fewer children in virtually every culture around the world. Do holdouts like Orthodox Jews have lessons for the rest of us?","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qk4P!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F845cc16e-3926-4101-9475-f10dd17764c3_1456x971.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":208058071,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Modernity has meant fewer children in virtually every culture around the world. Do holdouts like Orthodox Jews have lessons for the rest of us?","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Sonja Trauss explains how Hasidic Jews have so many children and asks what, if anything, the rest of the world has to learn from them.","wordcount":1534,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":208058071,"starts_at":"2026-07-22T13:26:59.789Z","ended_at":"2026-07-22T14:26:59.974Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-07-22T13:21:05.855Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T14:27:54.127Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[211,214,20],"population":332},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[122,114,28],"population":6},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[177,226,206],"population":27},"Muted":{"rgb":[154,136,107],"population":312},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[86,70,60],"population":545},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[163,184,199],"population":446}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":534807,"name":"Sonja Trauss","handle":"sonjaktrauss","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MGWA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0cb9d43-2cbb-48bc-b536-14d5bcad52a2_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Executive Director at YIMBY Law www.yimbylaw.org 🏙 The day is short, the work is great, the workers are lazy, the reward is great and the Master of the house presses. 🌃 ","profile_set_up_at":"2022-07-25T01:14:48.052Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-08-30T01:27:19.053Z","twitter_screen_name":"SonjaTrauss","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":322838,"primaryPublicationName":"Sonja Trauss Livejournal","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://sonjaktrauss.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://sonjaktrauss.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":163,"comment_count":57,"child_comment_count":19,"audio_items":[{"post_id":208058071,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/208058071/tts/44e4f8ec-12eb-410d-867b-69a9246d7593/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":206327408,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Why San Francisco isn’t bigger","social_title":"Why San Francisco isn’t bigger","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"terraforming-earth","post_date":"2026-07-10T16:08:48.128Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/terraforming-earth","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":117},"restacks":10,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Large swaths of America’s cities were originally underwater. We stopped half a century ago, but there is plenty more land left to take.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e6d6c74a-43ef-4f22-be32-4f9f3de64cc7_2547x1697.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":206327408,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Large swaths of America’s cities were originally underwater. We stopped half a century ago, but there is plenty more land left to take.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece was featured in Issue 24 of Works in Progress. Subscribe today to get Issue 25, and an issue every two months after, delivered straight to your door.","wordcount":3622,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0b4a5076-5a93-4898-9972-38a62250e584","publication_id":90387,"name":"policy","slug":"policy","hidden":false},{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"392e9923-5579-402d-8498-7ab471c3ca79","publication_id":90387,"name":"development","slug":"development","hidden":false},{"id":"bdf107f4-2a42-441e-9346-b04f7cabccab","publication_id":90387,"name":"housing","slug":"housing","hidden":false},{"id":"d54417e4-365b-447a-ae6f-e29e473bcbce","publication_id":90387,"name":"China","slug":"china","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":206327408,"starts_at":"2026-07-10T16:08:49.086Z","ended_at":"2026-07-10T17:08:49.261Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-07-10T15:06:36.865Z","updated_at":"2026-07-10T17:08:59.101Z","creator_id":442987033,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[236,124,100],"population":1},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[118.12068965517243,32.76896551724137,14.479310344827576],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[228,140,116],"population":3},"Muted":{"rgb":[165,145,123],"population":586},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[79,100,130],"population":92},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[215,194,169],"population":589}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":18317550,"name":"Maxwell Tabarrok","handle":"maximumprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8i3e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F79efb8ba-52b1-4f57-97cb-99a8619bd30d_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Maxwell Tabarrok is an economics PhD student at Harvard University. Maximum Progress is a blog on economics, science, philosophy, and progress.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-05-13T13:33:59.560Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T18:11:19.059Z","twitter_screen_name":"MTabarrok","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":856102,"primaryPublicationName":"Maximum Progress","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.maximum-progress.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.maximum-progress.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":117,"comment_count":14,"child_comment_count":13,"audio_items":[{"post_id":206327408,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/206327408/tts/143573a7-cd07-43af-b110-6363dca59527/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":206198369,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What's new in biology: July 2026","social_title":"What's new in biology: July 2026","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"whats-new-in-biology-july-2026","post_date":"2026-07-09T08:30:57.738Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/whats-new-in-biology-july-2026","section_id":156120,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"links-in-progress","section_name":"Links in Progress","reactions":{"❤":100},"restacks":17,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"A synthetic cell made via chemistry, laser phase plate electron microscopy, the first base-edited human embryo, lab-grown eggs and sperm, and more.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8dd83d20-f767-4896-9faf-c741720b113e_4000x2266.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":206198369,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"A synthetic cell made via chemistry, laser phase plate electron microscopy, the first base-edited human embryo, lab-grown eggs and sperm, and more.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Niko McCarty and Saloni Dattani review important things happening in the world of biotechnology and medicine.","wordcount":2794,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"6293bf87-de33-4100-a4df-8fca378bb570","publication_id":90387,"name":"medicine","slug":"medicine","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false},{"id":"f695e40c-5ece-4fc6-ad82-10b8c011e60c","publication_id":90387,"name":"health","slug":"health","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[115,171,188],"population":415},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[28,84,100],"population":718},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[147,203,220],"population":435},"Muted":{"rgb":[92,148,164],"population":414},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[68,124,140],"population":631},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[124,180,196],"population":324}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":238903127,"name":"Niko McCarty","handle":"nikomccarty","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OKoG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a3fc3af-fda0-4ffb-bada-288cd443f5a1_382x382.jpeg","bio":"Bioengineer and writer. Previously: Founding Editor, Asimov Press.","profile_set_up_at":"2024-05-24T23:34:01.086Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-09-17T18:56:56.480Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":9037499,"primaryPublicationName":"Niko McCarty","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":100,"comment_count":11,"child_comment_count":9,"audio_items":[{"post_id":206198369,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/206198369/tts/5a3325ae-a388-44da-b7f2-23f2d2630791/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":204437755,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Issue 24: How smashing the NIMBYs created modern capitalism","social_title":"Issue 24: How smashing the NIMBYs created modern capitalism","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"issue-24-how-smashing-the-nimbys","post_date":"2026-07-01T14:00:50.159Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/issue-24-how-smashing-the-nimbys","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":77},"restacks":8,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Works in Progress Issue 24 is out today.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RPgq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a69e59b-8527-4443-b6dd-cb3807ae784b_2560x1707.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":204437755,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Works in Progress Issue 24 is out today.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Our lead piece is about the Glorious Revolution, and how it untangled the property rights that held back economic growth across Britain.","wordcount":1467,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[177,140,84],"population":27},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[91.06265060240965,71.35903614457831,41.53734939759036],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[204,160,99],"population":16},"Muted":{"rgb":[164,131,89],"population":329},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[76,76,68],"population":514},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[115.30434782608695,82.78260869565217,37.69565217391304],"population":0}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":77,"comment_count":1,"child_comment_count":1,"audio_items":[{"post_id":204437755,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/204437755/tts/f923e312-7181-4d03-84a8-8a74294686a3/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":204106381,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":" How p-hacking built the world's most expensive safety regime","social_title":" How p-hacking built the world's most expensive safety regime","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"low-dose-radiation-is-probably-fine","post_date":"2026-06-30T14:36:40.847Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/low-dose-radiation-is-probably-fine","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":119},"restacks":21,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"The case against nuclear power rests on a handful of studies that claim that low-dose-rate radiation causes cancer. There is just one problem: that’s not what the studies actually show.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2c49b69f-5883-4323-9ecf-a256b899e2b3_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":204106381,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"People are terrified that small doses of radiation will give them cancer, but they probably don’t need to be.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress has now arrived with subscribers. Sign up here to receive this issue, plus another every two months – straight to your door.","wordcount":2980,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":204106381,"starts_at":"2026-06-30T14:36:40.363Z","ended_at":"2026-06-30T15:36:40.520Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-30T14:30:36.146Z","updated_at":"2026-06-30T15:37:14.557Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[191,78,86],"population":142},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[97.38672199170125,35.21327800829875,39.614937759336115],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[207,119,159],"population":34},"Muted":{"rgb":[156,118,96],"population":36},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[80,47,45],"population":8},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[212,196,180],"population":1528}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":7375536,"name":"Ben Southwood","handle":"bensouthwood","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faf6b65-4a7a-4ef5-aeeb-ada3eac8bf71_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Founder & editor, worksinprogress.co @stripe.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-10T10:34:09.479Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-10T10:32:37.568Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":752260,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":813791,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":813791,"name":"Baldwin","subdomain":"bensouthwood","custom_domain":"www.bensouthwood.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"We can make things better","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30e449bf-6a22-4380-90d2-faa7f6354a35_1024x1024.png","author_id":7375536,"primary_user_id":7375536,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-03-24T08:28:57.615Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Ben Southwood","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":1029676,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"bswud","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":17787335,"name":"Alex Chalmers","handle":"chalmermagne","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37cc7494-5020-443d-97de-7da8516c0bf7_800x800.jpeg","bio":"Technology, finance, policy.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-18T21:12:19.519Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-18T21:11:25.868Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":100,"status":{"bestsellerTier":100,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"bestseller","tier":100},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3159216,"primaryPublicationName":"Chalmermagne ","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.chalmermagne.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.chalmermagne.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":119,"comment_count":30,"child_comment_count":15,"audio_items":[{"post_id":204106381,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/204106381/tts/d60bb623-f03b-41d7-ac45-ee08c31fc9a1/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":203505183,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What's really slowing down the AI buildout","social_title":"What's really slowing down the AI buildout","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"ai-is-bottlenecked-by-the-grid","post_date":"2026-06-25T13:36:03.136Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/ai-is-bottlenecked-by-the-grid","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":88},"restacks":13,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"America has the electricity to power its data centers; the problem is getting it where it's needed.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30156c47-e47a-443c-9f87-47070ad2ce75_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":203505183,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"America has the electricity to power its data centers; the problem is getting it where it's needed.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress has now arrived with subscribers. Sign up here to receive this issue, plus another every two months – straight to your door.","wordcount":4646,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":203505183,"starts_at":"2026-06-25T13:36:03.402Z","ended_at":"2026-06-25T14:36:03.552Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-25T13:26:16.267Z","updated_at":"2026-06-25T14:36:24.907Z","creator_id":7375536,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[68,188,235],"population":76},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[29,84,100],"population":33},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[224,208,154],"population":24},"Muted":{"rgb":[160,141,106],"population":115},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[76,60,60],"population":14},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[185,193,190],"population":3}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":957626,"name":"Chris Gillett","handle":"gillett","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/133b2da9-9787-4e95-a9f5-9527de1bb834_600x600.png","bio":"Power markets","profile_set_up_at":"2021-10-13T00:12:17.398Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-08-30T16:01:04.962Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":88,"comment_count":12,"child_comment_count":9,"audio_items":[{"post_id":203505183,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/203505183/tts/f8a6b292-f430-433e-9ded-ffa9a7f4647b/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":203004902,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Epidurals are miraculous","social_title":"Epidurals are miraculous","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"epidurals-are-miraculous","post_date":"2026-06-23T08:29:58.097Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/epidurals-are-miraculous","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":109},"restacks":5,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Childbirth may be the most painful thing a person can experience, but we have the technology to numb the pain.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/81f1fbe4-907c-4def-b87d-9c1c489b58cf_2560x1707.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":203004902,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Childbirth may be the most painful thing a person can experience, but we have the technology to numb the pain.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress has begun arriving with subscribers. Not subscribed? Do so here to receive this issue, plus another every two months – straight to your door.","wordcount":1644,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"18f5bf6a-7ee4-4faa-8844-fb1ea402bd94","publication_id":90387,"name":"pronatalism","slug":"pronatalism","hidden":false},{"id":"54d56f49-b5f0-44db-9031-b47ed65d35a9","publication_id":90387,"name":"childbirth","slug":"childbirth","hidden":false},{"id":"aac285cf-4e1c-4b19-9d11-7c87835c1474","publication_id":90387,"name":"fertility","slug":"fertility","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":203004902,"starts_at":"2026-06-23T08:29:58.316Z","ended_at":"2026-06-23T10:29:58.493Z","planned_duration_ms":7200000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-23T08:29:02.802Z","updated_at":"2026-06-23T10:30:21.818Z","creator_id":7375536,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[196,132,116],"population":1},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[93.0878787878788,50.22727272727274,39.512121212121215],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[252,236,203],"population":280},"Muted":{"rgb":[140,124,107],"population":356},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[120,98,82],"population":14},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[207,189,160],"population":290}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":78551616,"name":"Phoebe Arslanagić-Little","handle":"phoebearslanagic","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F610ba6a0-00be-40de-9cb8-7eaad9027d75_307x307.jpeg","bio":"I work on the birth rate challenge at the Boom Campaign and as Head of the New Deal for Parents at Onward. Find me on X at @pmarslanagic. ","profile_set_up_at":"2022-12-28T21:26:30.182Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-12-28T21:25:53.565Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3412275,"primaryPublicationName":"Phoebe Arslanagić-Little","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://phoebearslanagic.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://phoebearslanagic.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":109,"comment_count":12,"child_comment_count":8,"audio_items":[{"post_id":203004902,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/203004902/tts/7dc09545-1e2c-49cc-b801-1ea2727a5cb2/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":202593701,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The secret cause of the industrial revolution","social_title":"The secret cause of the industrial revolution","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"how-smashing-the-nimbys-created-modern","post_date":"2026-06-19T14:15:58.896Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/how-smashing-the-nimbys-created-modern","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":371},"restacks":48,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"In 1688, England swept away the encrusted vetocracy that had held back economic growth for centuries. Could we do the same today?","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/eb5859e3-012a-4fae-8535-523b66afd8b4_2560x1707.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":202593701,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"In 1688, England swept away the encrusted vetocracy that had held back economic growth for centuries. Could we do the same today?","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress has begun arriving with subscribers. Not subscribed? Do so here to receive this issue, plus another every two months — straight to your door.","wordcount":4611,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"392e9923-5579-402d-8498-7ab471c3ca79","publication_id":90387,"name":"development","slug":"development","hidden":false},{"id":"70507830-a5cd-4a18-84b7-e2318ccc6689","publication_id":90387,"name":"progress","slug":"progress","hidden":false},{"id":"9a481a0e-d914-41f4-aba7-10895b988220","publication_id":90387,"name":"history","slug":"history","hidden":false},{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":202593701,"starts_at":"2026-06-19T14:15:59.109Z","ended_at":"2026-06-19T15:15:59.325Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-19T14:00:23.980Z","updated_at":"2026-06-19T15:16:10.413Z","creator_id":442987033,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[177,140,84],"population":28},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[91.06265060240965,71.35903614457831,41.53734939759036],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[204,159,99],"population":16},"Muted":{"rgb":[161,132,90],"population":442},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[76,76,68],"population":541},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[115.30434782608695,82.04347826086956,37.69565217391304],"population":0}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":7375536,"name":"Ben Southwood","handle":"bensouthwood","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faf6b65-4a7a-4ef5-aeeb-ada3eac8bf71_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Founder & editor, worksinprogress.co @stripe.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-10T10:34:09.479Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-10T10:32:37.568Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":752260,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":813791,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":813791,"name":"Baldwin","subdomain":"bensouthwood","custom_domain":"www.bensouthwood.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"We can make things better","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30e449bf-6a22-4380-90d2-faa7f6354a35_1024x1024.png","author_id":7375536,"primary_user_id":7375536,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-03-24T08:28:57.615Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Ben Southwood","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":1029676,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"bswud","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":371,"comment_count":45,"child_comment_count":22,"audio_items":[{"post_id":202593701,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/202593701/tts/4d9916fb-b89d-4713-951a-520660a7147e/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":202409640,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The wild scheme to save koalas","social_title":"The wild scheme to save koalas","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"why-we-should-vaccinate-wild-animals","post_date":"2026-06-18T13:52:46.081Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/why-we-should-vaccinate-wild-animals","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":82},"restacks":10,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Vaccinating wild animals can protect human health, and spare animals from extinction and suffering.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d306f9e5-309d-4c24-9e8d-ca26da8aedc4_2560x1707.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":202409640,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Vaccinating wild animals can protect human health, and spare animals from extinction and suffering.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress has begun arriving with subscribers. Not subscribed? Do so here to receive this issue, plus another every two months — straight to your door.","wordcount":2579,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"4a1f14b0-b7a9-4ab7-a925-8f92299040d2","publication_id":90387,"name":"science","slug":"science","hidden":false},{"id":"6293bf87-de33-4100-a4df-8fca378bb570","publication_id":90387,"name":"medicine","slug":"medicine","hidden":false},{"id":"bf2fecd0-e8bf-4f55-a657-34d097cf2295","publication_id":90387,"name":"vaccines","slug":"vaccines","hidden":false},{"id":"d1c0c631-eeac-4337-9c00-146d29856d74","publication_id":90387,"name":"Animals","slug":"animals","hidden":false},{"id":"f695e40c-5ece-4fc6-ad82-10b8c011e60c","publication_id":90387,"name":"health","slug":"health","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":202409640,"starts_at":"2026-06-18T13:52:46.358Z","ended_at":"2026-06-18T14:52:46.551Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-18T13:38:38.453Z","updated_at":"2026-06-18T14:52:56.344Z","creator_id":442987033,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[76,123,172],"population":401},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[4,11,30],"population":297},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[163.03548387096777,188.16532258064515,214.36451612903224],"population":0},"Muted":{"rgb":[84,123,171],"population":286},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[42,55,87],"population":77},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[190,167,175],"population":335}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":309482579,"name":"Michelle Ma","handle":"m1chellema","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Lqlr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb109502e-36f8-469f-882d-e996f041afd2_2879x2879.jpeg","bio":" ","profile_set_up_at":"2025-01-15T03:56:29.195Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-01-28T18:43:18.499Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3761322,"primaryPublicationName":"AI Policy Takes","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://aipolicytakes.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://aipolicytakes.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":82,"comment_count":7,"child_comment_count":6,"audio_items":[{"post_id":202409640,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/202409640/tts/e4c581a6-bf35-4694-95d6-907d0794e9f7/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":202263298,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Issue 24: Rats, The Glorious Revolution and the secret to ultra-Orthodox fertility","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"issue-24-rats-the-glorious-revolution","post_date":"2026-06-17T15:07:49.503Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":3654.1648,"video_upload_id":"a3cfc344-8610-4b9f-becb-f6582cabdb4d","podcast_upload_id":"070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/issue-24-rats-the-glorious-revolution","section_id":235110,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"podcast","section_name":"Podcast","reactions":{"❤":13},"restacks":1,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"A preview of everything to come in Issue 24","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/202263298/a3cfc344-8610-4b9f-becb-f6582cabdb4d/transcoded-1781612073.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/src","videoUpload":{"id":"a3cfc344-8610-4b9f-becb-f6582cabdb4d","name":"FINAL 1080p.mp4","created_at":"2026-06-16T10:33:07.627Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-16T10:56:54.749Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":202263298,"user_id":110510700,"duration":3654.1514,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1781612073,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":9746479043,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"jA00EIenNEqTfy21GNaoX6OGB01orz1x6Azpmz1gEgz4w","mux_playback_id":"RjyabAh399Z2n02vkB012bq00CjHhwGJCKOLs4KdTDuYgk","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d","name":null,"created_at":"2026-06-16T10:56:54.769Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-16T10:56:54.750Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":202263298,"user_id":110510700,"duration":3654.1648,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":58467193,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"a3cfc344-8610-4b9f-becb-f6582cabdb4d","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d","created_at":"2026-06-16T11:00:12.546Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KV85MMX1M2MKFAS0GRQDRXVZ","approved_at":"2026-06-16T12:17:06.899Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/transcription.json?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=ewG8d-uQg9JvDi8yTWJIDUFBKdKLeU47qxcJM2R4BmUvkcjH9~qiH6xuZKe01uYxkwED7eM-JkQPBESCBBgAKi1omLOSEcKYEya641X9lMATeR05rGfU2YO8ECuGOPnaN78SLQMynqoG8KV5j6nA4DeR-XNJpD5HkbbihA4dzjgV18bZ5eVSxCzyTfsLMA0u90Rsdh-D8jhRhilG9Bai3W3Pylbxf0pena4GUGEirLB8QjiYsp5Z6ZFpEiTq9mXzMLWIx7-evKWb1riI973iss4drvFbXMPuX~p4uyooO7l4bpgdJ3O6xjGmlNtgeftpATufKbTkH4QstSCOu8rb2w__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=YejwC5vHJ~3zKG5tt1OVjUaHdiUxm2Igf1aOe32ZPjF7PdRDL1rSJYJmqBGRZI0dLLP-6en4cihD7s5lEERNwjc~h3VrJgVx~afFzn2PhnYt7f0MN5rlrubk9gsAj9UQW8HxteS8zDN26A7QNdwAH8oFVxcUb1dzYPsRNGjmZYTQ5hbBg4eQ72pK5Q-XEAE2BzG6-ueZViRfPNTRgU1e6aWYgFVNzE~bSYT-svLBVGguWVlozxJ3X6GIubrmjAUGpTOKRXUMEnviq~nXzCwhQ5-CJIcMvmUXSESMtvS6HE5LCmmGyJrLQTIR0IRszUGYsr4QW33GvWXI3pvSf9gbpw__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/en.vtt?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=Xz6FIfnHvOvCMXkWGD5cTTnSOZeG1Evh-u-hwwJmcaLCIgilEYmTLBAw7iqTD6e65tTiL8trBqsqYFEkW3qceE~McZE9G~MsOxb-OsatQrfQqYi4sHDA3KRbKFLqYroOAIpmpQDsph8Id-M0JaSMkdtbmMEIoaU7BwJTVNn7U3uQN~Q4ztAWxWgLNtbUfX6Y1QWuwKrVkb0NAnNLVOMGb2uN~kgv5bT351eTgwVWr7sMAk~5169NO6XKvtVox~JQrDM11c8OEUyd1fDhSYAie0Ch1MCu6Ca4w9RQLq9K9gnLfM-qaYuTi7SFxYTykD83ml-WkWm~D9B1SUwbKA1d5A__","original":true}]}}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":202263298,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d","name":null,"created_at":"2026-06-16T10:56:54.769Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-16T10:56:54.750Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":202263298,"user_id":110510700,"duration":3654.1648,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":58467193,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"a3cfc344-8610-4b9f-becb-f6582cabdb4d","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d","created_at":"2026-06-16T11:00:12.546Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KV85MMX1M2MKFAS0GRQDRXVZ","approved_at":"2026-06-16T12:17:06.899Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/transcription.json?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=ewG8d-uQg9JvDi8yTWJIDUFBKdKLeU47qxcJM2R4BmUvkcjH9~qiH6xuZKe01uYxkwED7eM-JkQPBESCBBgAKi1omLOSEcKYEya641X9lMATeR05rGfU2YO8ECuGOPnaN78SLQMynqoG8KV5j6nA4DeR-XNJpD5HkbbihA4dzjgV18bZ5eVSxCzyTfsLMA0u90Rsdh-D8jhRhilG9Bai3W3Pylbxf0pena4GUGEirLB8QjiYsp5Z6ZFpEiTq9mXzMLWIx7-evKWb1riI973iss4drvFbXMPuX~p4uyooO7l4bpgdJ3O6xjGmlNtgeftpATufKbTkH4QstSCOu8rb2w__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=YejwC5vHJ~3zKG5tt1OVjUaHdiUxm2Igf1aOe32ZPjF7PdRDL1rSJYJmqBGRZI0dLLP-6en4cihD7s5lEERNwjc~h3VrJgVx~afFzn2PhnYt7f0MN5rlrubk9gsAj9UQW8HxteS8zDN26A7QNdwAH8oFVxcUb1dzYPsRNGjmZYTQ5hbBg4eQ72pK5Q-XEAE2BzG6-ueZViRfPNTRgU1e6aWYgFVNzE~bSYT-svLBVGguWVlozxJ3X6GIubrmjAUGpTOKRXUMEnviq~nXzCwhQ5-CJIcMvmUXSESMtvS6HE5LCmmGyJrLQTIR0IRszUGYsr4QW33GvWXI3pvSf9gbpw__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/202263298/070f97f0-05cd-42c4-aff6-b92e71bdca6d/1781612050/en.vtt?Expires=1790906871&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=Xz6FIfnHvOvCMXkWGD5cTTnSOZeG1Evh-u-hwwJmcaLCIgilEYmTLBAw7iqTD6e65tTiL8trBqsqYFEkW3qceE~McZE9G~MsOxb-OsatQrfQqYi4sHDA3KRbKFLqYroOAIpmpQDsph8Id-M0JaSMkdtbmMEIoaU7BwJTVNn7U3uQN~Q4ztAWxWgLNtbUfX6Y1QWuwKrVkb0NAnNLVOMGb2uN~kgv5bT351eTgwVWr7sMAk~5169NO6XKvtVox~JQrDM11c8OEUyd1fDhSYAie0Ch1MCu6Ca4w9RQLq9K9gnLfM-qaYuTi7SFxYTykD83ml-WkWm~D9B1SUwbKA1d5A__","original":true}]}},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"A preview of everything to come in Issue 24","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Alberta is the only part of the world that has people but not rats. Rats came to the new world on ships to New York, Boston and Philadelphia during the Industrial Revolution. From there they spread west at a rate of 24 kilometers a year and by 1950 they were on Alberta's border. But Albertans stopped them coming any further.","wordcount":176,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"4a1f14b0-b7a9-4ab7-a925-8f92299040d2","publication_id":90387,"name":"science","slug":"science","hidden":false},{"id":"9a481a0e-d914-41f4-aba7-10895b988220","publication_id":90387,"name":"history","slug":"history","hidden":false},{"id":"e07d888a-cb5c-4fe6-90b6-9926a003fb8f","publication_id":90387,"name":"economics","slug":"economics","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[52,116,180],"population":10},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[20,33,62],"population":3},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[242,180,154],"population":42},"Muted":{"rgb":[103,122,155],"population":40},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[50,64,93],"population":15},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[172,188,212],"population":1}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":14020984,"name":"Aria Schrecker","handle":"ariababu","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e7863d69-feeb-4dd8-ba71-dc868b738eb4_837x837.jpeg","bio":"Editor at Works in Progress. Interested in 📈","profile_set_up_at":"2021-12-12T00:46:14.113Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-02-19T18:13:00.536Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":206474,"user_id":14020984,"publication_id":243839,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":243839,"name":"Aria Schrecker","subdomain":"thetakemachine","custom_domain":"www.ariababu.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"A girl's guide to husband hunting","logo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/93f0bedd-041f-4ecc-a037-829cc6f677d4_200x200.png","author_id":14020984,"primary_user_id":14020984,"theme_var_background_pop":"#9D6FFF","created_at":"2020-12-22T00:05:18.090Z","email_from_name":"Aria Babu","copyright":"Aria Babu","founding_plan_name":"Founding Member","community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"enabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4425939,"user_id":14020984,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":269134,"name":"Sam Bowman","handle":"sambowman","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d6926a85-c485-43e5-a069-de7637c40392_3024x3024.jpeg","bio":"I'm the co-founder and editor of worksinprogress.co","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-09T15:39:03.013Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-09T15:37:56.805Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":192759,"user_id":269134,"publication_id":68967,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":68967,"name":"Consumer Surplus","subdomain":"sambowman","custom_domain":"www.sambowman.co","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"A newsletter by Sam Bowman","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/573bfef9-5ce7-4000-8b84-ef786fc2263c_881x881.png","author_id":269134,"primary_user_id":269134,"theme_var_background_pop":"#8ae1a2","created_at":"2020-07-17T20:18:27.845Z","email_from_name":"Sam Bowman","copyright":"Sam Bowman","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":726745,"user_id":269134,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"s8mb","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":24031301,"name":"Pieter Garicano","handle":"pietergaricano","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd647fd27-b18f-4fb1-aa66-d4f038eccdc9_3101x3101.jpeg","bio":"Editor at Works in Progress, a magazine of new and underrated ideas to improve the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2023-10-29T17:24:01.913Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-11-06T14:21:19.164Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":2069372,"user_id":24031301,"publication_id":2066920,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":2066920,"name":"Silicon Continent","subdomain":"siliconcontinent","custom_domain":"www.siliconcontinent.com","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Essays about Europe, economics, innovation, and growth","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d92bd37f-134c-4961-958e-4b5af2dba9a8_1024x1024.png","author_id":24031301,"primary_user_id":24031301,"theme_var_background_pop":"#B599F1","created_at":"2023-10-29T17:24:06.312Z","email_from_name":"Silicon Continent","copyright":"Pieter Garicano","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4241728,"user_id":24031301,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":13,"comment_count":2,"child_comment_count":2,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":202096043,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Europe’s housing shortages are even worse than America’s","social_title":"Should European housing politics be Americanized?","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"europes-housing-shortages-are-even","post_date":"2026-06-16T13:36:02.485Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/europes-housing-shortages-are-even","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":127},"restacks":9,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Why does nobody there talk about zoning?","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/552c35b2-80b0-47a4-8dc4-91823c13837b_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":202096043,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Why does nobody there talk about zoning?","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress is shipping to subscribers this month. Not subscribed? Do so here to receive this issue, plus another every two months — straight to your door.","wordcount":1974,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":202096043,"starts_at":"2026-06-16T13:36:02.695Z","ended_at":"2026-06-16T14:36:02.856Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-16T13:34:44.862Z","updated_at":"2026-06-16T14:36:45.469Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[183,96,120],"population":501},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[94,71,156],"population":63},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[233,147,135],"population":425},"Muted":{"rgb":[164,93,127],"population":210},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[125,81,143],"population":507},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[193,116,131],"population":54}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":127,"comment_count":43,"child_comment_count":17,"audio_items":[{"post_id":202096043,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/202096043/tts/755ac75f-58fe-4697-8103-cc2860912c46/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":201545080,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What’s new in biology: June 2026","social_title":"What’s new in biology: June 2026","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"whats-new-in-biology-june-2026","post_date":"2026-06-12T13:02:51.971Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/whats-new-in-biology-june-2026","section_id":156120,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"links-in-progress","section_name":"Links in Progress","reactions":{"❤":218},"restacks":35,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"The most effective weight-loss drug so far, cancer breakthroughs, gene editing for cholesterol, ancestral CRISPR systems, and more.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ef9a379b-7438-4245-bbda-4a2d96a49f0c_2640x1324.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":201545080,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"The most effective weight-loss drug so far, cancer breakthroughs, gene editing for cholesterol, ancestral CRISPR systems, and more.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Niko McCarty and Saloni Dattani review important things happening in the world of biotechnology and medicine.","wordcount":3398,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"6293bf87-de33-4100-a4df-8fca378bb570","publication_id":90387,"name":"medicine","slug":"medicine","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false},{"id":"f695e40c-5ece-4fc6-ad82-10b8c011e60c","publication_id":90387,"name":"health","slug":"health","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[40,179,185],"population":881},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[37,162,152],"population":258},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[144,212,205],"population":567},"Muted":{"rgb":[116,180,156],"population":1},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[28.447236180904525,124.55276381909547,116.86432160804019],"population":0},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[160,212,212],"population":473}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":238903127,"name":"Niko McCarty","handle":"nikomccarty","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OKoG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a3fc3af-fda0-4ffb-bada-288cd443f5a1_382x382.jpeg","bio":"Bioengineer and writer. Previously: Founding Editor, Asimov Press.","profile_set_up_at":"2024-05-24T23:34:01.086Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-09-17T18:56:56.480Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":9037499,"primaryPublicationName":"Niko McCarty","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":218,"comment_count":15,"child_comment_count":15,"audio_items":[{"post_id":201545080,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/201545080/tts/ed1d73d2-782e-45e9-ace7-19f79b94f576/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":201279539,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"How the Squamish built Senakw","social_title":"How the Squamish built Senakw","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"how-the-squamish-struck-gold-in-vancouver","post_date":"2026-06-11T11:16:37.407Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/how-the-squamish-struck-gold-in-vancouver","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":100},"restacks":12,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Just outside downtown Vancouver, the Squamish Nation is building one of the most ambitious and unusual housing developments in the world and getting rich in the process. ","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/329f0b93-5c09-40fe-8b35-ec72f380af6c_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":201279539,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Just beyond central Vancouver, the Squamish Nation is building one of the most ambitious and unusual housing developments in the world, and getting rich in the process. How they did it has lessons for","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This is the third of three articles from Issue 24 of Works in Progress, which has been arriving with subscribers this week. Subscribe in the next few weeks to receive it, and future issues, straight to your door, workplace, or institution.","wordcount":3767,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"392e9923-5579-402d-8498-7ab471c3ca79","publication_id":90387,"name":"development","slug":"development","hidden":false},{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false},{"id":"bdf107f4-2a42-441e-9346-b04f7cabccab","publication_id":90387,"name":"housing","slug":"housing","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":201279539,"starts_at":"2026-06-11T11:16:37.622Z","ended_at":"2026-06-11T12:16:37.791Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-11T11:15:08.273Z","updated_at":"2026-06-11T12:16:44.361Z","creator_id":7375536,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[220,172,76],"population":2001},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[110.91308411214955,81.1710280373832,21.686915887850457],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[220,180,76],"population":1291},"Muted":{"rgb":[170,148,92],"population":28},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[72,72,72],"population":168},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[197,197,196],"population":596}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":404722634,"name":"Anya Martin","handle":"anyamartin8","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2K6D!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f98bebb-03b3-4d6b-82cf-167f5c89fbc3_2736x3648.jpeg","bio":"Policy Lead at YIMBY Alliance","profile_set_up_at":"2025-10-20T06:44:09.179Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-20T06:49:36.830Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":6635609,"primaryPublicationName":"Anya's Substack","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://anyamartin8.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://anyamartin8.substack.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":100,"comment_count":8,"child_comment_count":8,"audio_items":[{"post_id":201279539,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/201279539/tts/dfbbc631-428c-4181-a566-e2500ab71140/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":201130568,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Good design is ruining American flags","social_title":"Good design is ruining American flags","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"good-design-is-ruining-american-flags","post_date":"2026-06-08T17:38:28.233Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/good-design-is-ruining-american-flags","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":132},"restacks":8,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Most flags used to be ugly. They were probably better that way.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2d0bc582-8c68-43e1-a7b0-88faadf4f1f8_1600x900.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":201130568,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Most flags used to be ugly. They were probably better that way.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This piece will not appear in Issue 24 of Works in Progress, which arrives with subscribers this week. Subscribe in the next few weeks to receive it, and a further issue, every two months. Want- to subscribe for your business or institution? Check out our recently launched","wordcount":1513,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false},{"id":"d988d7d7-83d7-4d2e-b58d-bddebb134ad3","publication_id":90387,"name":"design","slug":"design","hidden":false},{"id":"f0705cd4-2ffb-4534-bf6e-05e7e26d66d2","publication_id":90387,"name":"beauty","slug":"beauty","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":201130568,"starts_at":"2026-06-08T17:38:28.488Z","ended_at":"2026-06-08T18:38:28.733Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-08T17:37:39.222Z","updated_at":"2026-06-08T18:38:52.970Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[186,141,52],"population":15},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[116,28,28],"population":2872},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[220,204,151],"population":24},"Muted":{"rgb":[163,91,84],"population":9},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[75,53,45],"population":39},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[215,203,180],"population":121}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":227440,"name":"Ned Donovan","handle":"neddonovan","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/280c8568-762f-4f02-9ce3-95d475a8d868_852x852.jpeg","bio":"Occasionally writing.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-07-19T22:47:39.995Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-05-14T23:51:30.896Z","twitter_screen_name":"Ned_Donovan","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":46433,"primaryPublicationName":"Terra Nullius, by Ned Donovan","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.terranullius.world","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.terranullius.world/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":132,"comment_count":31,"child_comment_count":20,"audio_items":[{"post_id":201130568,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/201130568/tts/57693c02-461b-4b5a-b293-4edec991d815/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":200737121,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The blood cancer that became solvable","social_title":"The blood cancer that became solvable","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"cured-in-china","post_date":"2026-06-05T14:53:36.996Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/cured-in-china","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":137},"restacks":19,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Multiple myeloma is brutal. We may finally have a cure, but American inertia meant that it was discovered in China.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/859a36de-8a65-4157-b742-d907baeb261d_2466x1569.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":200737121,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Multiple myeloma is brutal. We may finally have a cure, but American regulatory inertia means that it was discovered abroad.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Ruxandra Teslo and Amol Punjabi explain why more and more drugs are being developed in China.","wordcount":3327,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":200737121,"starts_at":"2026-06-05T14:53:37.206Z","ended_at":"2026-06-05T15:53:37.369Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T14:50:47.390Z","updated_at":"2026-06-05T15:53:59.214Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[139.26923076923077,137.30769230769226,115.73076923076921],"population":0},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[72.42,71.39999999999998,60.18],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[194.82,193.79999999999998,182.57999999999998],"population":0},"Muted":{"rgb":[149,148,137],"population":567},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[72,70,63],"population":568},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[196,195,184],"population":162}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":137,"comment_count":25,"child_comment_count":11,"audio_items":[{"post_id":200737121,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/200737121/tts/4aaca523-71f8-4780-9527-9bc7f2a597c5/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":200308874,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The lost art of building cities","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"the-lost-art-of-building-cities","post_date":"2026-06-03T15:12:34.532Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":5118.746,"video_upload_id":"16769c0b-89fe-4d0a-b857-d115e3a4a0e3","podcast_upload_id":"94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/the-lost-art-of-building-cities","section_id":235110,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"podcast","section_name":"Podcast","reactions":{"❤":36},"restacks":2,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Episode 18 is about Victorian urbanism","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/200308874/16769c0b-89fe-4d0a-b857-d115e3a4a0e3/transcoded-1780418483.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/src","videoUpload":{"id":"16769c0b-89fe-4d0a-b857-d115e3a4a0e3","name":"1080p.mp4","created_at":"2026-06-02T14:50:36.495Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-02T15:24:49.337Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":200308874,"user_id":110510700,"duration":5118.7397,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1780418483,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":13656024397,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"aH02Dx5o9FYKhYFOCUSIbigYK6ynbJWvL2vwvAd2pJJM","mux_playback_id":"Qn1QaH0202Qow4yGmeKEDFgjo02LOLRtYJiUZe01DRb2Qc00","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee","name":null,"created_at":"2026-06-02T15:24:49.359Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-02T15:24:49.338Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":200308874,"user_id":110510700,"duration":5118.746,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":81900492,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"16769c0b-89fe-4d0a-b857-d115e3a4a0e3","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee","created_at":"2026-06-02T15:28:26.339Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KT4HD067P0NRM92S982HDSCB","approved_at":"2026-06-02T16:14:41.431Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/transcription.json?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=dJ~F1wbYMcLufWgIRT3DqRGJZ~Fyj9GVcp07muAT90GAlr~tOdlDWklXQATVf-HRucH0EUAjQI2MH8rivLnG8QcX8WwHKT3NTqhh51Z8RQesaypPL59~NV86t0bzoNzndGFwYP6CeWKShsEZOfY9gXeGI6V9KOr5xJsKOJ6CYvVuvmGfR4Y5KTJqGJ8n7R2NXr7IrGa4iGOZYr42p-5gEmwdiQRPZQKS-so7VzEzO~6t-GPWep99XfZqtgDgkrvn4iIRhqxs4EHlKA8F9H5-uh6a2UJr6hvjbzaXcecz4T~o99jfXFoxDw-18YGrlPNmdOdCBlpyBVn1uPhG6JVk9Q__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=DykJbc8qKlOvzlq20q99eqHueucJlwpunGzNn2PHoPSQvZZBKl7XQplfKfcQENsHV-P7WzKuSSgBM4q-iPeKQaPwsrMmtBOLn14-K39-vOqAQdyc891B75Jth5uUi-sEhFe2gAwvMjFYFWTUUGjnHhLlLHqiXGdHOP-SbgLSHfow5HbU9LYmg604x0IbVKE7uezSAOzXKqxAKAhREO-YB0h0WZmtIE9b8iDP1hLYJHIHEj3GQ2KClIwHHgxK5tc63XFeFYSQhwF90gE-YqV5mO3i5SiX3qKlY0dKJxNGnEWe25Jtp~0huFn-Mh528Gt8941HJ0FmeIXGdqjGVRmwdA__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/en.vtt?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=aI9PYsziE1XUsurtifJNDGnYYNuOT-NTWbXcRWprB2os8pN1wylAdQ1wBNgm3LYIizGlH-UUc4LG-lxXkpmIDakKJ9MjoLnF4PahcxX-dlEeV7Zpx4L-EmAJXB6p9pBTx5VOwbiqFrKyuStApHsjVTJnv1cwMKWK8hoyEC4doiV2Skd2nxWmJrz~2V5NtLype6l-IgBDxzkSM4uA33m1dXgnM~Y2rLFt3zjiQRhuCOwFc8MoevYVDzPHGK7rsCEvK29wTXoh3dXqSDRgPdFzd54~lymY4cHpQFW8nIwODzqnd2auEcAVEw9GVJAwaI7~wTxGPK325CbpzLaCKCT15w__","original":true}]}},"transcription":null},"podcastFields":{"post_id":200308874,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee","name":null,"created_at":"2026-06-02T15:24:49.359Z","uploaded_at":"2026-06-02T15:24:49.338Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":200308874,"user_id":110510700,"duration":5118.746,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":81900492,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"16769c0b-89fe-4d0a-b857-d115e3a4a0e3","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee","created_at":"2026-06-02T15:28:26.339Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KT4HD067P0NRM92S982HDSCB","approved_at":"2026-06-02T16:14:41.431Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/transcription.json?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=dJ~F1wbYMcLufWgIRT3DqRGJZ~Fyj9GVcp07muAT90GAlr~tOdlDWklXQATVf-HRucH0EUAjQI2MH8rivLnG8QcX8WwHKT3NTqhh51Z8RQesaypPL59~NV86t0bzoNzndGFwYP6CeWKShsEZOfY9gXeGI6V9KOr5xJsKOJ6CYvVuvmGfR4Y5KTJqGJ8n7R2NXr7IrGa4iGOZYr42p-5gEmwdiQRPZQKS-so7VzEzO~6t-GPWep99XfZqtgDgkrvn4iIRhqxs4EHlKA8F9H5-uh6a2UJr6hvjbzaXcecz4T~o99jfXFoxDw-18YGrlPNmdOdCBlpyBVn1uPhG6JVk9Q__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=DykJbc8qKlOvzlq20q99eqHueucJlwpunGzNn2PHoPSQvZZBKl7XQplfKfcQENsHV-P7WzKuSSgBM4q-iPeKQaPwsrMmtBOLn14-K39-vOqAQdyc891B75Jth5uUi-sEhFe2gAwvMjFYFWTUUGjnHhLlLHqiXGdHOP-SbgLSHfow5HbU9LYmg604x0IbVKE7uezSAOzXKqxAKAhREO-YB0h0WZmtIE9b8iDP1hLYJHIHEj3GQ2KClIwHHgxK5tc63XFeFYSQhwF90gE-YqV5mO3i5SiX3qKlY0dKJxNGnEWe25Jtp~0huFn-Mh528Gt8941HJ0FmeIXGdqjGVRmwdA__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/200308874/94b5e818-40de-43eb-a9d3-491e19ffd9ee/1780416428/en.vtt?Expires=1790890350&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=aI9PYsziE1XUsurtifJNDGnYYNuOT-NTWbXcRWprB2os8pN1wylAdQ1wBNgm3LYIizGlH-UUc4LG-lxXkpmIDakKJ9MjoLnF4PahcxX-dlEeV7Zpx4L-EmAJXB6p9pBTx5VOwbiqFrKyuStApHsjVTJnv1cwMKWK8hoyEC4doiV2Skd2nxWmJrz~2V5NtLype6l-IgBDxzkSM4uA33m1dXgnM~Y2rLFt3zjiQRhuCOwFc8MoevYVDzPHGK7rsCEvK29wTXoh3dXqSDRgPdFzd54~lymY4cHpQFW8nIwODzqnd2auEcAVEw9GVJAwaI7~wTxGPK325CbpzLaCKCT15w__","original":true}]}},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Episode 18 is about Victorian urbanism","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"In the nineteenth century, cities often grew a thousandfold while increasing wages, the size of homes, and delivering great public goods like electricity and plumbing to their people. What made them so extraordinary? They had a hybrid of laissez-faire and top-down control. Landowners could build almost anything they liked but street networks were laid o…","wordcount":114,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"9a481a0e-d914-41f4-aba7-10895b988220","publication_id":90387,"name":"history","slug":"history","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[205,104,66],"population":6},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[101,44,28],"population":19},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[137,185,220],"population":124},"Muted":{"rgb":[167,106,84],"population":104},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[92,64,50],"population":406},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[176,199,217],"population":196}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":14020984,"name":"Aria Schrecker","handle":"ariababu","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e7863d69-feeb-4dd8-ba71-dc868b738eb4_837x837.jpeg","bio":"Editor at Works in Progress. Interested in 📈","profile_set_up_at":"2021-12-12T00:46:14.113Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-02-19T18:13:00.536Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":206474,"user_id":14020984,"publication_id":243839,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":243839,"name":"Aria Schrecker","subdomain":"thetakemachine","custom_domain":"www.ariababu.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"A girl's guide to husband hunting","logo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/93f0bedd-041f-4ecc-a037-829cc6f677d4_200x200.png","author_id":14020984,"primary_user_id":14020984,"theme_var_background_pop":"#9D6FFF","created_at":"2020-12-22T00:05:18.090Z","email_from_name":"Aria Babu","copyright":"Aria Babu","founding_plan_name":"Founding Member","community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"enabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4425939,"user_id":14020984,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":7375536,"name":"Ben Southwood","handle":"bensouthwood","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faf6b65-4a7a-4ef5-aeeb-ada3eac8bf71_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Founder & editor, worksinprogress.co @stripe.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-10T10:34:09.479Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-10T10:32:37.568Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":752260,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":813791,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":813791,"name":"Baldwin","subdomain":"bensouthwood","custom_domain":"www.bensouthwood.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"We can make things better","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30e449bf-6a22-4380-90d2-faa7f6354a35_1024x1024.png","author_id":7375536,"primary_user_id":7375536,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-03-24T08:28:57.615Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Ben Southwood","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":1029676,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"bswud","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":36,"comment_count":7,"child_comment_count":5,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":200268273,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"How Japan stopped civil war","social_title":"How Japan stopped civil war","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"how-japan-stopped-civil-war","post_date":"2026-06-03T09:33:48.290Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/how-japan-stopped-civil-war","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":189},"restacks":15,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"For three hundred years, Japan enjoyed enviable stability and peace. All it took was locking up its warlike samurai elite in the world’s least efficient city.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d29767e1-b510-47a6-ac18-3f84600b12a4_2640x1760.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":200268273,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"For three hundred years, Japan enjoyed enviable stability and peace. All it took was locking up its warlike samurai elite in the world’s least efficient city.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This is the second article of three from Issue 24 of Works in Progress that will be sent out before it starts arriving with subscribers next week. Subscribe in the next few weeks to receive it, and future issues, straight to your door, workplace, or institution","wordcount":2093,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"9a481a0e-d914-41f4-aba7-10895b988220","publication_id":90387,"name":"history","slug":"history","hidden":false},{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":200268273,"starts_at":"2026-06-03T09:33:48.556Z","ended_at":"2026-06-03T10:33:48.712Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-06-03T09:32:50.302Z","updated_at":"2026-06-03T10:34:31.854Z","creator_id":15759190,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[201,87,26],"population":31},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[152,60,28],"population":4},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[229,215,120],"population":205},"Muted":{"rgb":[172,164,98],"population":5},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[81,65,49],"population":514},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[178,196,148],"population":5}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":189,"comment_count":25,"child_comment_count":13,"audio_items":[{"post_id":200268273,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/200268273/tts/9064f615-fb8e-482e-b9c6-7e843b97e65e/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":199611347,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"How we learned what genes are made of","social_title":"How we learned what genes are made of","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"the-mystery-of-inheritance","post_date":"2026-05-29T14:28:45.599Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/the-mystery-of-inheritance","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":88},"restacks":9,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"In the 1940s, scientists made a discovery now fundamental to biology: genes are encoded in DNA. The story involves bacteria, dead mice, and a kitchen cream separator.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/43f9666f-d8db-442b-9647-8b6eef2b438d_2640x1588.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":199611347,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"In the 1940s, scientists made a discovery now fundamental to biology: genes are encoded in DNA. The story involves bacteria, dead mice, and a kitchen cream separator.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This is the first of three pieces from Works in Progress Issue 24 that will go out ahead of the magazine arriving with subscribers – other articles will come out after the magazine arrives. Subscribe by 1st June and get the print edition when its released in the second week of June.","wordcount":2240,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0e19f49a-df66-4408-87f9-6bfdb9ecab51","publication_id":90387,"name":"Biology","slug":"biology","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":199611347,"starts_at":"2026-05-29T14:28:45.878Z","ended_at":"2026-05-29T15:28:46.051Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-05-29T14:28:23.996Z","updated_at":"2026-05-29T15:29:17.399Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[178.5,76.50000000000001,76.50000000000001],"population":0},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[84,36,36],"population":2},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[230,204,184],"population":11},"Muted":{"rgb":[148,116,108],"population":1},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[84,50,50],"population":4},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[204,188,164],"population":1}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":58786108,"name":"Kevin Blake, PhD","handle":"kevinsblake","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FEH2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa7c6449-1905-47e1-9bf9-d1c88a1e4379_1657x1657.jpeg","bio":"Scientist + Writer. Microbiology, genomics, evolution.","profile_set_up_at":"2024-04-03T21:57:01.428Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-03-26T22:42:41.425Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3534533,"primaryPublicationName":"Our Smallness","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://kevinsblake.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://kevinsblake.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":88,"comment_count":4,"child_comment_count":3,"audio_items":[{"post_id":199611347,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/199611347/tts/0de3d388-0637-4f50-9ae7-a9ca7688ce35/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":199446933,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Review: Recession by Tyler Goodspeed","social_title":"Review: Recession by Tyler Godspeed","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"review-recession-by-tyler-godspeed","post_date":"2026-05-28T12:35:39.306Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/review-recession-by-tyler-godspeed","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":65},"restacks":6,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"How a grasshopper caused the 1873 panic, and why recessions are usually just bad luck.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/be4dff0c-0014-40ed-9655-55394f794daa_1600x900.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":199446933,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"How a grasshopper caused the 1873 panic, and why recessions are usually just bad luck.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress will arrive with subscribers early next month. Subscribe to receive it, and future issues, straight to your door, workplace, or institution.","wordcount":2308,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[212,48,45],"population":70},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[110.06324110671939,24.1090909090909,22.53675889328062],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[233,172,167],"population":23},"Muted":{"rgb":[134,134,129],"population":11},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[88,88,84],"population":2},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[188,204,196],"population":3061}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":1731795,"name":"Mark Koyama","handle":"markkoyama","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kJNV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3065ea3-8438-4b58-966c-a9aefdf3cfc8_144x144.png","bio":"Economic Historian","profile_set_up_at":"2024-03-04T21:20:52.731Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-03-20T13:34:29.394Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":506492,"primaryPublicationName":"How the World Became Rich","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.markkoyama.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.markkoyama.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":65,"comment_count":4,"child_comment_count":2,"audio_items":[{"post_id":199446933,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/199446933/tts/7f665160-6f2a-4190-9ab0-124dfc1c6f27/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":199353946,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Inventing the second malaria vaccine with Katharine Collins","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"inventing-the-second-malaria-vaccine","post_date":"2026-05-27T08:01:55.427Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":8107.6245,"video_upload_id":"45b45044-c2ff-446f-bf98-0fd290a886e1","podcast_upload_id":"dd462fde-1b0b-4bdd-8b09-9ba91568f8db","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/inventing-the-second-malaria-vaccine","section_id":308336,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"hard-drugs","section_name":"Hard Drugs","reactions":{"❤":15},"restacks":2,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Malaria is caused not by a virus or bacterium, but by a complex, shape-shifting parasite that has evolved alongside us for millennia. This has made vaccine development a brutal challenge.","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/199353946/45b45044-c2ff-446f-bf98-0fd290a886e1/transcoded-1779815601.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f1afc29-e985-4414-9fdc-179d4865f94b_2090x2090.png","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3f1afc29-e985-4414-9fdc-179d4865f94b_2090x2090.png","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/dd462fde-1b0b-4bdd-8b09-9ba91568f8db/src","videoUpload":{"id":"45b45044-c2ff-446f-bf98-0fd290a886e1","name":"J&S Ep10 V5.1.mp4","created_at":"2026-05-26T17:02:19.091Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:22.021Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":199353946,"user_id":110510700,"duration":8107.6665,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1779815601,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":4793780016,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"BWKjsINXJecqoqzrDeRC01seJaRY6V02dw7SMdnijfl6w","mux_playback_id":"XeKZz5aKEj00Vf47SWTx1xCKHBFRJuIaWZ85Wg00l7BAk","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"dd462fde-1b0b-4bdd-8b09-9ba91568f8db","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:22.040Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:22.022Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":199353946,"user_id":110510700,"duration":8107.6245,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":129722546,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"45b45044-c2ff-446f-bf98-0fd290a886e1","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":199353946,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"dd462fde-1b0b-4bdd-8b09-9ba91568f8db","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:22.040Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-26T17:11:22.022Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":199353946,"user_id":110510700,"duration":8107.6245,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":129722546,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"45b45044-c2ff-446f-bf98-0fd290a886e1","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Malaria is caused not by a virus or bacterium, but by a complex, shape-shifting parasite that has evolved alongside us for millennia. This has made vaccine development a brutal challenge.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"In this episode, Jacob and Saloni are joined by Katharine Collins, who co-invented the second malaria vaccine, called R21, during her PhD. They discuss the gruelling process of reverse-engineering a vaccine and eureka moments along the way. They ask whether the biggest barriers to new vaccines are scientific or financial, and what it will take to finall…","wordcount":22811,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0bde3813-7abf-463a-95dc-bb3060dfac03","publication_id":90387,"name":"global health","slug":"global-health","hidden":false},{"id":"bf2fecd0-e8bf-4f55-a657-34d097cf2295","publication_id":90387,"name":"vaccines","slug":"vaccines","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false},{"id":"f695e40c-5ece-4fc6-ad82-10b8c011e60c","publication_id":90387,"name":"health","slug":"health","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[84,186,220],"population":6},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[108,52,28],"population":2},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[170,219,241],"population":134},"Muted":{"rgb":[108,142,154],"population":376},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[83,54,51],"population":243},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[171,193,203],"population":382}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":109165,"name":"Jacob Trefethen","handle":"jacobtrefethen","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/93e16306-a576-458c-b29d-28adfbe3dac6_1206x1206.png","bio":"Science blog @ blog.jacobtrefethen.com (you can subscribe there)","profile_set_up_at":"2023-08-08T22:29:02.955Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-08-08T22:28:29.842Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":4772714,"primaryPublicationName":"Jacob Trefethen","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://jacobtrefethen.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://jacobtrefethen.substack.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":15,"comment_count":0,"child_comment_count":0,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":199319374,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What Samuel Hughes thinks about Washington, DC","social_title":"What Samuel Hughes thinks about Washington, DC","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"americas-national-style-is-hiding","post_date":"2026-05-26T13:51:46.567Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/americas-national-style-is-hiding","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":118},"restacks":13,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Our editor Samuel Hughes writes a diary about his recent visit to the US capital.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5reF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc9467f0-c30a-402c-a1b8-bbfc0bf7d8ef_1898x918.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":null,"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"In this diary, Samuel Hughes visits Washington, DC, the world’s imperial capital, and reflects on a national style hiding in plain sight.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Issue 24 of Works in Progress will arrive with subscribers early next month. Subscribe to receive it, and future issues, straight to your door, workplace, or institution.","wordcount":1059,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"20f2e3ae-4ed5-47b4-b2af-22d56f795ab1","publication_id":90387,"name":"Urbanism","slug":"urbanism","hidden":false},{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false},{"id":"d988d7d7-83d7-4d2e-b58d-bddebb134ad3","publication_id":90387,"name":"design","slug":"design","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":199319374,"starts_at":"2026-05-26T13:51:46.818Z","ended_at":"2026-05-26T14:51:46.984Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-05-26T13:20:49.897Z","updated_at":"2026-05-26T14:52:38.971Z","creator_id":442987033,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[196,163,120],"population":287},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[28,20,12],"population":19},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[132,180,236],"population":1},"Muted":{"rgb":[176,144,105],"population":146},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[91,71,50],"population":190},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[149,172,202],"population":6}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":118,"comment_count":7,"child_comment_count":7,"audio_items":[{"post_id":199319374,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/199319374/tts/96a5deaf-070a-4ccb-bec5-9090fc9b9c6d/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":198561959,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Modern Hindu Temples","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"modern-hindu-temples","post_date":"2026-05-21T11:30:44.565Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/modern-hindu-temples","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":109},"restacks":7,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Most ancient architectural traditions have withered, but one is enjoying a golden age: Hindu temple architecture.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!n5vq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb4cd4711-f781-40df-9759-f049fe15be6f_2092x1360.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":null,"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Most ancient architectural traditions have withered, but one is enjoying a golden age: Hindu temple architecture.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This article appeared in Issue 23 of Works in Progress magazine, which print subscribers received last month. Issue 24 will be released early next month. Not yet a subscriber? You can sign up for the magazine here.","wordcount":2175,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[196,97,62],"population":43},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[92,37,20],"population":16},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[214,184,166],"population":54},"Muted":{"rgb":[148,108,98],"population":462},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[95,56,45],"population":472},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[198,166,145],"population":329}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":109,"comment_count":8,"child_comment_count":4,"audio_items":[{"post_id":198561959,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/198561959/tts/787764a0-16e8-436b-86d5-1ff6aecc3e91/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":198328291,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Where did all the good sculptors go?","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"where-did-all-the-good-sculptors","post_date":"2026-05-20T08:17:45.429Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":4741.277,"video_upload_id":"c9b44f53-bb47-4cb2-b790-983272012d7a","podcast_upload_id":"96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/where-did-all-the-good-sculptors","section_id":235110,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"podcast","section_name":"Podcast","reactions":{"❤":32},"restacks":2,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Episode 17 is about carving a new sculpture tradition.","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/198328291/c9b44f53-bb47-4cb2-b790-983272012d7a/transcoded-1779184335.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/src","videoUpload":{"id":"c9b44f53-bb47-4cb2-b790-983272012d7a","name":"1080P final.mp4","created_at":"2026-05-18T21:43:54.602Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-18T22:53:34.948Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":198328291,"user_id":110510700,"duration":4741.2085,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1779184335,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":12660567920,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"SLebVngKTTgsEUs1vgM3qZK6pFpbQtqIA01G5dMUMsxk","mux_playback_id":"BxQsbAMwoXbSuGZmJfOy9XrPQBI181BHiq1TuFO1pkE","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-18T22:53:34.974Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-18T22:53:34.948Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":198328291,"user_id":110510700,"duration":4741.277,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":75860982,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"c9b44f53-bb47-4cb2-b790-983272012d7a","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468","created_at":"2026-05-18T22:56:47.518Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KRZSZHR0YA460CQW4QDYEQ84","approved_at":"2026-05-19T09:49:07.426Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/transcription.json?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=P49UFG-e6yMEjpOIAo1fnolaUwG2TwFv3fu3wAV2dbBT75Ly4N3Rl7lrhNAe5ue9rw5TExwbNXD16fCm01PiYVKlm0MKyZJufnsgE0N0rQIQyR8zmDdGfGqEi1IWnWFyfzBrf-UnUVR8MtiMeOBfSI2SboOA-G7wv540iuBUsuLbxorm7n5V~rsl4glJ2TbQtU3IYZ39iCiIbCKR34Jsftp~c-ki4kK-fxY6guEx2IrxYLvughIG2iroOj1rGk5XL6z0OFlGtNVtKENblfA7MMTLES7Oy3EsiFCrL7OsS9Zm-JbVq96hkOQCkhqfLR-K3lVWSpjXu10W1Lhpx4RKYA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=RPVSI9Y3espb0dEmN-1N4Lv598sKzWE7LeJgw0y9QBj6ZD6W4aCrajI8Gc1TULfBk5-mHhWoStIRBINbb-T-oYWlFbXdvlHRFN8miApaHNUHBq2errUNXNSWHzw5q3n6GIM39~jdDA0pXsHO4ivV8VczwpBDnMKZKuwnxVp2ek4ETENkfhBxSeBSKs5UNbC0ys5vXn-DndRtINUELVzWaL~o9FcVaqPKz-Fdy4nY5~63v2hVSgb9y6IdbFKywPoHcgP7~DbYqpkKsgM4rf8gvEM3XFdrNnENbHDnrPeuTaOqB4KZBb76xK7clVLL6l-2thteCGZphaDFwLVCCM5H4Q__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/en.vtt?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=RLHhCdMbhP6py8~wP2jWgLJzExyVmP7Nn5vLRA774iN23HiS5M9GDjgEdu1PLDA0JLyuolNFltwIgju8Bqcxzu48rIzW677jrzbf5m9mJ464UsYWetwKQdyRaF2cErpTjkszTL368zM25tjuZlRwniCS9wNL1G0CnY5yci9hUWKRVqtXdrobxlGEweNpUt2EmL0YJSIwn~Ma3gYOraOMsHLFlseyAMJEuIrGrZU5L4EdMycYYm8kF7DDTydtSs~MVBx~na3PuXmjEEEZsDaMsaCQqpsW7s~TBtYdeZbXO1t0Vx05TFthiM8FyfqGcvgCAYJCVeg0kehRBzvjyE2Yqw__","original":true}]}}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":198328291,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-18T22:53:34.974Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-18T22:53:34.948Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":198328291,"user_id":110510700,"duration":4741.277,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":75860982,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"c9b44f53-bb47-4cb2-b790-983272012d7a","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468","created_at":"2026-05-18T22:56:47.518Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KRZSZHR0YA460CQW4QDYEQ84","approved_at":"2026-05-19T09:49:07.426Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":{},"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/transcription.json?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=P49UFG-e6yMEjpOIAo1fnolaUwG2TwFv3fu3wAV2dbBT75Ly4N3Rl7lrhNAe5ue9rw5TExwbNXD16fCm01PiYVKlm0MKyZJufnsgE0N0rQIQyR8zmDdGfGqEi1IWnWFyfzBrf-UnUVR8MtiMeOBfSI2SboOA-G7wv540iuBUsuLbxorm7n5V~rsl4glJ2TbQtU3IYZ39iCiIbCKR34Jsftp~c-ki4kK-fxY6guEx2IrxYLvughIG2iroOj1rGk5XL6z0OFlGtNVtKENblfA7MMTLES7Oy3EsiFCrL7OsS9Zm-JbVq96hkOQCkhqfLR-K3lVWSpjXu10W1Lhpx4RKYA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=RPVSI9Y3espb0dEmN-1N4Lv598sKzWE7LeJgw0y9QBj6ZD6W4aCrajI8Gc1TULfBk5-mHhWoStIRBINbb-T-oYWlFbXdvlHRFN8miApaHNUHBq2errUNXNSWHzw5q3n6GIM39~jdDA0pXsHO4ivV8VczwpBDnMKZKuwnxVp2ek4ETENkfhBxSeBSKs5UNbC0ys5vXn-DndRtINUELVzWaL~o9FcVaqPKz-Fdy4nY5~63v2hVSgb9y6IdbFKywPoHcgP7~DbYqpkKsgM4rf8gvEM3XFdrNnENbHDnrPeuTaOqB4KZBb76xK7clVLL6l-2thteCGZphaDFwLVCCM5H4Q__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/198328291/96dcc39e-fb7d-4c05-b477-d76077993468/1779183918/en.vtt?Expires=1790707033&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=RLHhCdMbhP6py8~wP2jWgLJzExyVmP7Nn5vLRA774iN23HiS5M9GDjgEdu1PLDA0JLyuolNFltwIgju8Bqcxzu48rIzW677jrzbf5m9mJ464UsYWetwKQdyRaF2cErpTjkszTL368zM25tjuZlRwniCS9wNL1G0CnY5yci9hUWKRVqtXdrobxlGEweNpUt2EmL0YJSIwn~Ma3gYOraOMsHLFlseyAMJEuIrGrZU5L4EdMycYYm8kF7DDTydtSs~MVBx~na3PuXmjEEEZsDaMsaCQqpsW7s~TBtYdeZbXO1t0Vx05TFthiM8FyfqGcvgCAYJCVeg0kehRBzvjyE2Yqw__","original":true}]}},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Episode 17 is about carving a new sculpture tradition.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"The Trump administration wants to bolster traditional art. But its attempt to revive sculpture with a mass statue-building program is doomed. America doesn’t have the sculptors, foundries, and workers to make hundreds of bronze or marble sculptures. Believe it or not, North Korea – the world's sculpture superpower – would be in a much better position.","wordcount":120,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[172,84,44],"population":3},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[116,60,36],"population":8},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[196,220,236],"population":4109},"Muted":{"rgb":[176,105,78],"population":74},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[71,42,31],"population":157},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[180,204,212],"population":9}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":269134,"name":"Sam Bowman","handle":"sambowman","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d6926a85-c485-43e5-a069-de7637c40392_3024x3024.jpeg","bio":"I'm the co-founder and editor of worksinprogress.co","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-09T15:39:03.013Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-09T15:37:56.805Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":192759,"user_id":269134,"publication_id":68967,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":68967,"name":"Consumer Surplus","subdomain":"sambowman","custom_domain":"www.sambowman.co","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"A newsletter by Sam Bowman","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/573bfef9-5ce7-4000-8b84-ef786fc2263c_881x881.png","author_id":269134,"primary_user_id":269134,"theme_var_background_pop":"#8ae1a2","created_at":"2020-07-17T20:18:27.845Z","email_from_name":"Sam Bowman","copyright":"Sam Bowman","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":726745,"user_id":269134,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"s8mb","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":15759383,"name":"Samuel Hughes","handle":"scphughes","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dd03957d-0e91-4cfa-a08b-c09999d281db_1136x1002.png","bio":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-03-28T10:21:32.986Z","reader_installed_at":"2025-10-24T14:12:42.027Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":4619673,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":4528604,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":4528604,"name":"Samuel Hughes","subdomain":"scphughes","custom_domain":null,"custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"I am an Editor at Works in Progress, where I focus on architecture, urbanism, urban history, and housing policy. I am also a fellow of the Centre for Policy Studies and Create Streets. Previously I worked in think tanking, academia and government.","logo_url":null,"author_id":15759383,"primary_user_id":15759383,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-03-28T10:22:37.757Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Samuel Hughes","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"profile","is_personal_mode":true,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":4966410,"user_id":15759383,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":32,"comment_count":4,"child_comment_count":4,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":197418949,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"How ASML took over the world","social_title":"How ASML took over the world","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"how-asml-took-over-the-world","post_date":"2026-05-13T14:02:38.022Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/how-asml-took-over-the-world","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":158},"restacks":13,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"The strange path to global monopoly","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6IMC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2702d04e-ecfe-495d-955e-039e7aaca872_3200x1679.webp","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":197418949,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"The strange path to global monopoly","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Neil Hacker explains how Europe built a technology giant.","wordcount":4143,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":197418949,"starts_at":"2026-05-13T14:02:38.263Z","ended_at":"2026-05-13T14:32:38.411Z","planned_duration_ms":1800000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-05-13T13:56:30.746Z","updated_at":"2026-05-13T14:35:36.259Z","creator_id":24031301,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[76,108,164],"population":1},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[41.99,59.66999999999999,90.61],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[164.39000000000001,182.07,213.01],"population":0},"Muted":{"rgb":[84,116,148],"population":1},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[64,68,73],"population":624},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[204,204,202],"population":612}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":158,"comment_count":9,"child_comment_count":7,"audio_items":[{"post_id":197418949,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/197418949/tts/4e0e5eef-f030-4174-8898-f25c1b2d0191/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":197198674,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Pancreatic cancer just met its match","social_title":"Pancreatic cancer just met its match","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"pancreatic-cancer-just-met-its-match","post_date":"2026-05-12T10:05:09.008Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/pancreatic-cancer-just-met-its-match","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":299},"restacks":34,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"A disease that was once a death sentence is increasingly treatable","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/550d5195-91fd-4de4-8728-2ef983781ba9_2916x1764.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":197198674,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"A disease that was once a death sentence is increasingly treatable","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"For most of the last half-century, a diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic cancer was a death sentence. In December 2025, former Nebraska Senator Ben Sasse announced he had been diagnosed with stage four pancreatic cancer that had spread to his lungs, liver and other organs, and was given three to four months to live from the time of diagnosis. With little…","wordcount":2085,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"0e19f49a-df66-4408-87f9-6bfdb9ecab51","publication_id":90387,"name":"Biology","slug":"biology","hidden":false},{"id":"4a1f14b0-b7a9-4ab7-a925-8f92299040d2","publication_id":90387,"name":"science","slug":"science","hidden":false},{"id":"59e07a8a-ec86-45d4-b1d9-99a391045816","publication_id":90387,"name":"technology","slug":"technology","hidden":false},{"id":"6293bf87-de33-4100-a4df-8fca378bb570","publication_id":90387,"name":"medicine","slug":"medicine","hidden":false},{"id":"8372a866-2a99-44cb-9f64-70c5294498d7","publication_id":90387,"name":"genetics","slug":"genetics","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[175,136,84],"population":309},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[154,124,49],"population":114},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[230,199,151],"population":153},"Muted":{"rgb":[167,129,107],"population":214},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[108,115,81],"population":88},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[200,180,160],"population":308}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":18519028,"name":"Ruxandra Teslo","handle":"ruxandrabio","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8yba!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b9600b2-c702-4a91-9f5b-77e438e596f7_986x986.jpeg","bio":"Writer at Works in Progress and co-founder of Clinical Trial Abundance. Scientist by training. ","profile_set_up_at":"2022-12-04T11:07:02.967Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-12-04T11:06:43.799Z","twitter_screen_name":"RuxandraTeslo","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":1553777,"primaryPublicationName":"Ruxandra's Substack","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.writingruxandrabio.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.writingruxandrabio.com/subscribe?"},{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":299,"comment_count":17,"child_comment_count":11,"audio_items":[{"post_id":197198674,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/197198674/tts/289623f5-3c91-4569-824d-18fab3854433/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":196631032,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What is local government good for?","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"what-is-local-government-good-for","post_date":"2026-05-08T13:36:05.141Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":3490.0417,"video_upload_id":"d1899224-52de-4ca6-8e42-8bd3073babb2","podcast_upload_id":"1ea15460-4668-4510-adf1-6f7312b90d9d","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/what-is-local-government-good-for","section_id":235110,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"podcast","section_name":"Podcast","reactions":{"❤":12},"restacks":2,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Episode 16 is about building data centers, school districts and redistribution","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/196631032/d1899224-52de-4ca6-8e42-8bd3073babb2/transcoded-1778056112.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a471da77-49dc-4736-813e-2fc22f5bf4e1_3000x3000.jpeg","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/1ea15460-4668-4510-adf1-6f7312b90d9d/src","videoUpload":{"id":"d1899224-52de-4ca6-8e42-8bd3073babb2","name":"Final 1080p.mp4","created_at":"2026-05-06T08:00:14.794Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-06T08:22:33.592Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":196631032,"user_id":14020984,"duration":3490.0417,"height":720,"width":1280,"thumbnail_id":1778056112,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":3500983816,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"h01Tvho6fq9cssbiYdgsr00q41mY00FV01SPlNbvnILZeic","mux_playback_id":"DQlvzHa3avqKhXdBfLFIPXMYp8SlG01shdACmpAien5g","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"1ea15460-4668-4510-adf1-6f7312b90d9d","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-06T08:22:33.618Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-06T08:22:33.592Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"error","post_id":196631032,"user_id":14020984,"duration":3490.0417,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":3500983816,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"d1899224-52de-4ca6-8e42-8bd3073babb2","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":196631032,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":true,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"1ea15460-4668-4510-adf1-6f7312b90d9d","name":null,"created_at":"2026-05-06T08:22:33.618Z","uploaded_at":"2026-05-06T08:22:33.592Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"error","post_id":196631032,"user_id":14020984,"duration":3490.0417,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":3500983816,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"d1899224-52de-4ca6-8e42-8bd3073babb2","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Episode 16 is about building data centers, school districts and redistribution","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Local government works best when areas can compete with each other and capture some of the upside of economic growth. Ben sits down with Judge Glock to discuss how well-structured local incentives helped make Loudoun County, Virginia, the global capital of data centers, and helped France build so many nuclear power stations.","wordcount":114,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[236,187,116],"population":158},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[116.65443037974684,75.53164556962025,15.945569620253167],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[228,180,115],"population":46},"Muted":{"rgb":[92,124,156],"population":414},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[75,65,59],"population":433},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[208,189,158],"population":21}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":7375536,"name":"Ben Southwood","handle":"bensouthwood","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faf6b65-4a7a-4ef5-aeeb-ada3eac8bf71_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Founder & editor, worksinprogress.co @stripe.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-10T10:34:09.479Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-10T10:32:37.568Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":752260,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":813791,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":813791,"name":"Baldwin","subdomain":"bensouthwood","custom_domain":"www.bensouthwood.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"We can make things better","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30e449bf-6a22-4380-90d2-faa7f6354a35_1024x1024.png","author_id":7375536,"primary_user_id":7375536,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-03-24T08:28:57.615Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Ben Southwood","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":1029676,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"bswud","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":113700651,"name":"Judge Glock","handle":"judgeglock","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SJbm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8a730417-7599-4672-818b-9bc311afc1a0_144x144.png","bio":"I research economics, history, and cities","profile_set_up_at":"2025-06-04T13:55:20.901Z","reader_installed_at":null,"is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":7613053,"primaryPublicationName":"Judge Glock","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://judgeglock.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://judgeglock.substack.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":12,"comment_count":2,"child_comment_count":1,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":196799760,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"More articles we would like to commission","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"more-articles-we-would-like-to-commission-ed3","post_date":"2026-05-08T13:30:31.078Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/more-articles-we-would-like-to-commission-ed3","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":224},"restacks":29,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Write for Works in Progress.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2Cm9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58998e11-b957-473f-9bd9-b30c7cbaae4e_2560x1358.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":196799760,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Write for Works in Progress.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Here is another list of articles we would like to publish. The previous two lists are here and here, though most of their entries have since been commissioned (and some, on second thought, abandoned).","wordcount":1889,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[252,218,49],"population":6},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[172,140,52],"population":1},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[250,232,124],"population":507},"Muted":{"rgb":[167,147,95],"population":114},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[135,117,76],"population":241},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[175,212,172],"population":104}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":224,"comment_count":17,"child_comment_count":14,"audio_items":[{"post_id":196799760,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/196799760/tts/c5002ae9-8a15-4cdc-a538-dcc90e358a7f/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":196550183,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"What’s new in biology: May 2026","social_title":"What’s new in biology: May 2026","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"whats-new-in-biology-may-2026","post_date":"2026-05-05T15:35:58.521Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/whats-new-in-biology-may-2026","section_id":156120,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"links-in-progress","section_name":"Links in Progress","reactions":{"❤":201},"restacks":18,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"A cure for congenital deafness, recreating snake venom, antibodies, a legend in cardiovascular medicine, and a successful hair loss treatment?","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/92994c94-24a4-4bc8-89d3-bfdaacb4c5a1_960x735.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":196550183,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"A cure for congenital deafness, recreating snake venom, antibodies, a legend in cardiovascular medicine, and a successful hair loss treatment?","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Niko McCarty and Saloni Dattani review important things happening in the world of biotechnology and medicine.","wordcount":2062,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"6293bf87-de33-4100-a4df-8fca378bb570","publication_id":90387,"name":"medicine","slug":"medicine","hidden":false},{"id":"ea257947-317c-4318-8c4a-7a1df345df2b","publication_id":90387,"name":"biotech","slug":"biotech","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[196,164,116],"population":1},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[93.0878787878788,71.65757575757577,39.512121212121215],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[229,218,169],"population":46},"Muted":{"rgb":[158,157,110],"population":66},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[61,62,54],"population":260},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[200,205,160],"population":116}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":4267654,"name":"Saloni Dattani","handle":"salonium","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3bc76721-fe9b-4edc-bd5b-de3869518c08_400x400.jpeg","bio":"I write the newsletter Scientific Discovery. I'm a co-founder of Works in Progress, host the podcast Hard Drugs, and advise Coefficient Giving on clinical trial reform.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-11-17T07:52:14.435Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-10-04T16:59:09.736Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":891129,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":947254,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":947254,"name":"Scientific Discovery","subdomain":"salonium","custom_domain":"www.scientificdiscovery.dev","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Tracing the steps towards scientific progress.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3707dc7-93d3-4501-a789-0a0dcb67df60_828x828.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":4267654,"theme_var_background_pop":"#2096FF","created_at":"2022-06-21T22:49:56.755Z","email_from_name":"Saloni from Scientific Discovery","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7998250,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":7838225,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":7838225,"name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","subdomain":"clinicaltrialabundance","custom_domain":"www.clinicaltrialsabundance.blog","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Ideas, thoughts and commentary on how to make clinical trials more efficient.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6fd0a84b-9804-4733-9b26-13d32950b782_921x921.png","author_id":4267654,"primary_user_id":184296290,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-01-30T16:52:40.039Z","email_from_name":"The Clinical Trials Abundance blog","copyright":"Saloni Dattani","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":724968,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":7452051,"user_id":4267654,"publication_id":6324330,"role":"contributor","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":6324330,"name":"The Abundance and Growth Blog","subdomain":"abundanceandgrowthblog","custom_domain":"www.abundanceandgrowth.org","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"All things progress and growth from the Abundance and Growth Fund team at Coefficient Giving.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cf54c868-060f-4e3b-8960-51aa9a44bc13_594x594.png","author_id":534857,"primary_user_id":426524719,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2025-09-19T13:52:05.671Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Matt Clancy","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"salonium","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}},{"id":238903127,"name":"Niko McCarty","handle":"nikomccarty","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OKoG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a3fc3af-fda0-4ffb-bada-288cd443f5a1_382x382.jpeg","bio":"Bioengineer and writer. Previously: Founding Editor, Asimov Press.","profile_set_up_at":"2024-05-24T23:34:01.086Z","reader_installed_at":"2024-09-17T18:56:56.480Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":9037499,"primaryPublicationName":"Niko McCarty","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://letter.nikomc.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":201,"comment_count":12,"child_comment_count":8,"audio_items":[{"post_id":196550183,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/196550183/tts/2b61b1eb-138b-47da-800b-4cefd16777c6/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":196108239,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"One week left to apply for Invisible College 2026","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"one-week-left-to-apply-for-invisible","post_date":"2026-05-01T13:13:46.004Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/one-week-left-to-apply-for-invisible","section_id":null,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":null,"section_name":null,"reactions":{"❤":40},"restacks":4,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Our residential seminar for 18–22 year olds was such a success that we are running it again. Apply this week or forever hold your peace.","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AM11!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e58a68f-cbd0-4f66-9f34-90373bc2a1a9_6000x4000.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":196108239,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Our residential seminar for 18–22 year olds was such a success that we are running it again. Apply this week or forever hold your peace.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Applications for the third Invisible College close in one week, on Friday 8th May.","wordcount":330,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[196,144,132],"population":453},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[89.61428571428573,51.72857142857141,42.98571428571428],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[228,172,156],"population":1},"Muted":{"rgb":[151,138,119],"population":440},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[72,57,56],"population":377},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[205,163,156],"population":67}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":7375536,"name":"Ben Southwood","handle":"bensouthwood","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faf6b65-4a7a-4ef5-aeeb-ada3eac8bf71_400x400.jpeg","bio":"Founder & editor, worksinprogress.co @stripe.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-10T10:34:09.479Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-10T10:32:37.568Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":752260,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":813791,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":813791,"name":"Baldwin","subdomain":"bensouthwood","custom_domain":"www.bensouthwood.co.uk","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"We can make things better","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/30e449bf-6a22-4380-90d2-faa7f6354a35_1024x1024.png","author_id":7375536,"primary_user_id":7375536,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF5CD7","created_at":"2022-03-24T08:28:57.615Z","email_from_name":null,"copyright":"Ben Southwood","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":null,"is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":1029676,"user_id":7375536,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"bswud","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":1,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":1,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null}}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":40,"comment_count":1,"child_comment_count":1,"audio_items":[{"post_id":196108239,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/196108239/tts/5e98b7e3-c7e1-48bc-9011-980f8a8ba0fd/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":195838036,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The smelly baby problem","social_title":"The smelly baby problem","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"how-disposable-diapers-conquered","post_date":"2026-04-29T13:03:25.197Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/how-disposable-diapers-conquered","section_id":23500,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"notes-on-progress","section_name":"Notes on Progress","reactions":{"❤":224},"restacks":18,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Benjamin Spock told mothers in the mid-twentieth century to buy six dozen cloth diapers and a covered pail. Within a decade, both were obsolete.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6c7e66ce-5e9f-420e-aa3d-ca01da458f15_1195x821.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":195838036,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Benjamin Spock told mothers in the mid-twentieth century to buy six dozen cloth diapers and a covered pail. Within a decade, both were obsolete.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"Nova Reperta is Virginia Postrel’s regular column for Works in Progress. Read it first in the print magazine.","wordcount":2404,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"1019b36a-dfa8-44f8-a5fd-c4eaf51972a2","publication_id":90387,"name":"lifestyle","slug":"lifestyle","hidden":false},{"id":"bc87fe9f-9b08-4826-ba8e-790e99f01a4e","publication_id":90387,"name":"Culture","slug":"culture","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":195838036,"starts_at":"2026-04-29T13:03:25.440Z","ended_at":"2026-04-29T14:03:25.589Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-04-29T06:39:13.702Z","updated_at":"2026-04-29T14:07:34.367Z","creator_id":4267654,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[127.5,127.5,127.5],"population":0},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[66.3,66.3,66.3],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[188.7,188.7,188.7],"population":0},"Muted":{"rgb":[132,132,132],"population":131},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[68,68,68],"population":49},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[204,204,204],"population":2269}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":1666060,"name":"Virginia Postrel","handle":"vpostrel","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd33be26b-792d-41af-ad2d-173221f5e907_406x512.jpeg","bio":"Author of The Future and Its Enemies, The Substance of Style, The Power of Glamour, and, most recently, The Fabric of Civilization. Contributing editor to WorksinProgress.co. ","profile_set_up_at":"2021-09-27T19:37:26.646Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-07-20T04:57:25.247Z","twitter_screen_name":"vpostrel","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":100,"status":{"bestsellerTier":100,"subscriberTier":10,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"bestseller","tier":100},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":615465,"primaryPublicationName":"Virginia's Newsletter","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://vpostrel.substack.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://vpostrel.substack.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":224,"comment_count":24,"child_comment_count":16,"audio_items":[{"post_id":195838036,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/195838036/tts/ef831da0-1631-4bce-a2e6-084293de3abc/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":194080830,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"The triumph of logical English, Out loud","social_title":null,"search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"podcast","slug":"the-triumph-of-logical-english-out","post_date":"2026-04-28T14:03:10.656Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":2450.4946,"video_upload_id":"b488a33a-858f-42fa-b908-7fb83540c658","podcast_upload_id":"d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2","write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/the-triumph-of-logical-english-out","section_id":350175,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"out-loud","section_name":"Out Loud","reactions":{"❤":30},"restacks":1,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"English prose has become much easier to read. But shorter sentences had little to do with it.","cover_image":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/194080830/b488a33a-858f-42fa-b908-7fb83540c658/transcoded-1776092966.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_episode_image_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5bbf5b20-40fb-4eaa-a53d-36a022c2f27e_3000x3000.png","podcast_episode_image_info":{"url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5bbf5b20-40fb-4eaa-a53d-36a022c2f27e_3000x3000.png","isDefaultArt":false,"isDefault":false},"podcast_url":"https://api.substack.com/api/v1/audio/upload/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/src","videoUpload":{"id":"b488a33a-858f-42fa-b908-7fb83540c658","name":"triumph of logical english.mp4","created_at":"2026-04-13T15:00:20.376Z","uploaded_at":"2026-04-13T15:08:03.520Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":194080830,"user_id":110510700,"duration":2450.44,"height":1080,"width":1920,"thumbnail_id":1776092966,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"video","primary_file_size":5211995539,"is_mux":true,"mux_asset_id":"CIqO6DRwRf66xT1M4QlNNmyVUWHgu500y1XY01HC3V029E","mux_playback_id":"vzV01p2WCLOBQyWxKRHk79qqG01VSfZ9zIPv6mV02Y8tzk","mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":"high","mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":null,"live_stream_id":null,"transcription":null,"extractedAudio":{"id":"d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2","name":null,"created_at":"2026-04-13T15:08:03.540Z","uploaded_at":"2026-04-13T15:08:03.521Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":194080830,"user_id":110510700,"duration":2450.4946,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":39208470,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"b488a33a-858f-42fa-b908-7fb83540c658","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2","created_at":"2026-04-13T15:09:40.259Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KP3P8B9DKWEFXA9QWCH4XMSX","approved_at":"2026-04-13T15:11:43.924Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":null,"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/transcription.json?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=OAUHRCmI-UBlCCnleOEBL78cFFRwm8kcWLzANpkNwibLOLZgUhROHAxOcdYuC4KWUsKz~oaiDtu9jnk1F0oBIJevzsNcqzbBg0V3XQ715ylKWq9HAC23cGIGX919dmmdY6ou2A1VtNGvAdqIbjy1UHgkfqEpxRv5U-ZjyGuZWg2kp0RXSEWnBLgkIHDwCUtldjVU9lUhLsNV-hObdEGQgDNDk~ufecxNTmQ2dmKst3vhPQQO6nCccCPXUSGe6vUa-bfo786u10LMqWXmAMDUyjmHWHvA3fSNF6WygdMAtzujRtukY1OLRLd8ylG6UO1KkbDGTuV8tcCqJzYmJvbNRA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=MDwMIIrjHTNbZ60DdsVHYOjmBhHoN9qT9ZrApP9-Miuzw47KrmaWKIq-vF3j0gMNBep6pc43CiR8wDlHdJDSmQ5XflP4FX-fd7bnOUfgbgKpFZhRH2JViAKY3Mf43eb9iMecxl0lV2MUaM0ApXIRoZrYZmVVT1g9zIf8lbJyeosk0TChttGXRmGPS9x0eIbOfbqSPuhFE09Mx-mfcOYemDa9RHVs9pPOvSPY2WlvtC87B~7S2TzJ-2sczcndMh1wh7ZMLDmGoSxn4yYyEFAopsKI~u2LUzy8uQmlJpa~r0mwpjplX5ghvDlJ~SwA72V98hXz3e2j7PzRuTKCVwnk-g__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/en.vtt?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=i34WnpOxnxrT6otvUvzzyCT4irZe-Z~qi3hENr4l-defK5OOjRtQmIwCjKaw9MqBxjhT~4-W6IPSs1pQDj~v6tV-vJ47It2aO3LnQVaEEEwLGWsv5PlRxfxW~TFQuFStBkMSzHwHX7za6g-tuQOsM4XE-hXeICp1LBmi9DHpT1FIMeEaN-J3GAITmDtzvdTuSwGy1wd82O-ytzy8V39bmrcGDtxtjgPR86FMFbVGaZt~lyGepqSu4QuWI5yHh6-hpAHR7223q9CSEmZ-lnhA0r0zrT2kAi1AVNQqLQcexTlS0MGnskFtgpNLoAY3xFU~VwxPBdX33ftnL6V4ZkJsGA__","original":true}]}}},"podcastFields":{"post_id":194080830,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":{"id":"d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2","name":null,"created_at":"2026-04-13T15:08:03.540Z","uploaded_at":"2026-04-13T15:08:03.521Z","publication_id":90387,"state":"transcoded","post_id":194080830,"user_id":110510700,"duration":2450.4946,"height":null,"width":null,"thumbnail_id":1,"preview_start":null,"preview_duration":null,"media_type":"audio","primary_file_size":39208470,"is_mux":null,"mux_asset_id":null,"mux_playback_id":null,"mux_preview_asset_id":null,"mux_preview_playback_id":null,"mux_rendition_quality":null,"mux_preview_rendition_quality":null,"explicit":false,"copyright_infringement":null,"src_media_upload_id":"b488a33a-858f-42fa-b908-7fb83540c658","live_stream_id":null,"transcription":{"media_upload_id":"d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2","created_at":"2026-04-13T15:09:40.259Z","requested_by":110510700,"status":"transcribed","modal_call_id":"fc-01KP3P8B9DKWEFXA9QWCH4XMSX","approved_at":"2026-04-13T15:11:43.924Z","transcript_url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/transcription.json","attention_vocab":null,"speaker_map":null,"captions_map":{"en":{"url":"s3://substack-video/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/en.vtt","language":"en","original":true}},"cdn_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/transcription.json?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=OAUHRCmI-UBlCCnleOEBL78cFFRwm8kcWLzANpkNwibLOLZgUhROHAxOcdYuC4KWUsKz~oaiDtu9jnk1F0oBIJevzsNcqzbBg0V3XQ715ylKWq9HAC23cGIGX919dmmdY6ou2A1VtNGvAdqIbjy1UHgkfqEpxRv5U-ZjyGuZWg2kp0RXSEWnBLgkIHDwCUtldjVU9lUhLsNV-hObdEGQgDNDk~ufecxNTmQ2dmKst3vhPQQO6nCccCPXUSGe6vUa-bfo786u10LMqWXmAMDUyjmHWHvA3fSNF6WygdMAtzujRtukY1OLRLd8ylG6UO1KkbDGTuV8tcCqJzYmJvbNRA__","cdn_unaligned_url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/unaligned_transcription.json?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=MDwMIIrjHTNbZ60DdsVHYOjmBhHoN9qT9ZrApP9-Miuzw47KrmaWKIq-vF3j0gMNBep6pc43CiR8wDlHdJDSmQ5XflP4FX-fd7bnOUfgbgKpFZhRH2JViAKY3Mf43eb9iMecxl0lV2MUaM0ApXIRoZrYZmVVT1g9zIf8lbJyeosk0TChttGXRmGPS9x0eIbOfbqSPuhFE09Mx-mfcOYemDa9RHVs9pPOvSPY2WlvtC87B~7S2TzJ-2sczcndMh1wh7ZMLDmGoSxn4yYyEFAopsKI~u2LUzy8uQmlJpa~r0mwpjplX5ghvDlJ~SwA72V98hXz3e2j7PzRuTKCVwnk-g__","signed_captions":[{"language":"en","url":"https://substackcdn.com/video_upload/post/194080830/d57cc0a6-e14c-47e7-bf2d-0e262ab698e2/1776092987/en.vtt?Expires=1790896977&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIVDA3NPSMPSPESQQ&Signature=i34WnpOxnxrT6otvUvzzyCT4irZe-Z~qi3hENr4l-defK5OOjRtQmIwCjKaw9MqBxjhT~4-W6IPSs1pQDj~v6tV-vJ47It2aO3LnQVaEEEwLGWsv5PlRxfxW~TFQuFStBkMSzHwHX7za6g-tuQOsM4XE-hXeICp1LBmi9DHpT1FIMeEaN-J3GAITmDtzvdTuSwGy1wd82O-ytzy8V39bmrcGDtxtjgPR86FMFbVGaZt~lyGepqSu4QuWI5yHh6-hpAHR7223q9CSEmZ-lnhA0r0zrT2kAi1AVNQqLQcexTlS0MGnskFtgpNLoAY3xFU~VwxPBdX33ftnL6V4ZkJsGA__","original":true}]}},"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"English prose has become much easier to read. But shorter sentences had little to do with it.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"You can listen to The triumph of logical English here or on Apple podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you find your podcasts.","wordcount":47,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":null,"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[199,163,128],"population":72},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[92.02295081967213,65.9377049180328,40.577049180327876],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[220,176,138],"population":126},"Muted":{"rgb":[164,132,92],"population":1},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[93,76,52],"population":10},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[188,164,132],"population":542}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":15759190,"name":"Works in Progress","handle":"worksinprogress","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9e4bfc3-bf0d-4f6c-b6cb-55d1f237e863_1048x1049.jpeg","bio":"Works in Progress is a new online magazine featuring original writing from some of the most interesting thinkers in the world.","profile_set_up_at":"2025-04-03T10:52:21.167Z","reader_installed_at":"2023-03-27T14:39:08.434Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":112763,"user_id":15759190,"publication_id":90387,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":90387,"name":"The Works in Progress Newsletter","subdomain":"worksinprogress","custom_domain":"www.worksinprogress.news","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"New and underrated ideas to improve the world. Visit our website: worksinprogress.co","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f5bf141-f845-48a4-a1d6-fb74f26daec9_1280x1280.png","author_id":15759190,"primary_user_id":15759190,"theme_var_background_pop":"#00C2FF","created_at":"2020-09-02T03:51:44.742Z","email_from_name":"Works in Progress","copyright":"Works in Progress","founding_plan_name":null,"community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"disabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"magaziney","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":null,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":null,"subscriber":null}},{"id":2432388,"name":"Henry Oliver","handle":"henryoliver","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NsUY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2d65e3f-0e92-4d73-ae17-97eed159c4bf_724x724.jpeg","bio":"Writer. Critic. Research Fellow at the Mercatus Center. \\Literature, history, liberalism, philosophy.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-05-04T07:08:44.288Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-06-17T20:05:46.005Z","twitter_screen_name":"HenryEOliver","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":null,"status":{"bestsellerTier":null,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"subscriber","tier":5,"accent_colors":null},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":120973,"primaryPublicationName":"The Common Reader","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.commonreader.co.uk","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.commonreader.co.uk/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":30,"comment_count":1,"child_comment_count":1,"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false},{"id":195735723,"editor_v2":false,"publication_id":90387,"title":"Why British nuclear flopped","social_title":"Why British nuclear flopped","search_engine_title":null,"search_engine_description":null,"type":"newsletter","slug":"why-british-nuclear-flopped","post_date":"2026-04-28T11:45:01.352Z","audience":"everyone","podcast_duration":null,"video_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"everyone","should_send_free_preview":false,"free_unlock_required":false,"default_comment_sort":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/why-british-nuclear-flopped","section_id":228911,"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"is_section_pinned":false,"section_slug":"features","section_name":"Features","reactions":{"❤":121},"restacks":13,"restacked_post_id":null,"restacked_post_slug":null,"restacked_pub_name":null,"restacked_pub_logo_url":null,"subtitle":"Britain gave an elite group of engineers sweeping power and massive resources to deliver a nuclear power revolution. But their nuclear dreams crumbled.","cover_image":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e09333fc-07f8-4e18-923f-8646f0a26bec_2560x1540.jpeg","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"podcast_url":null,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":195735723,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Britain gave an elite group of engineers sweeping power and massive resources to deliver a nuclear power revolution. But their nuclear dreams crumbled.","body_json":null,"body_html":null,"has_dynamic_content":false,"truncated_body_text":"This article appeared in Issue 23 of Works in Progress magazine, which print subscribers received over the past two weeks. Not yet a subscriber? You can sign up for the magazine here.","wordcount":6164,"post_preview_limit":null,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"7a474b71-d14f-4c6b-b611-c46772a21250","publication_id":90387,"name":"nuclear","slug":"nuclear","hidden":false}],"teaser_post_eligible":true,"postCountryBlocks":[],"headlineTest":{"post_id":195735723,"starts_at":"2026-04-28T11:45:01.607Z","ended_at":"2026-04-28T12:45:01.750Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":10,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-04-28T11:20:30.309Z","updated_at":"2026-04-28T12:46:03.486Z","creator_id":4267654,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[247,186,15],"population":392},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[128.3225806451613,95.70725806451614,4.277419354838698],"population":0},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[250,127,36],"population":383},"Muted":{"rgb":[168,95,86],"population":287},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[122,76,116],"population":393},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[149.58482142857142,65.57142857142857,3.4151785714285876],"population":0}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":17787335,"name":"Alex Chalmers","handle":"chalmermagne","photo_url":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37cc7494-5020-443d-97de-7da8516c0bf7_800x800.jpeg","bio":"Technology, finance, policy.","profile_set_up_at":"2022-03-18T21:12:19.519Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-03-18T21:11:25.868Z","is_guest":true,"bestseller_tier":100,"status":{"bestsellerTier":100,"subscriberTier":5,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"bestseller","tier":100},"subscriber":null},"primaryPublicationId":3159216,"primaryPublicationName":"Chalmermagne ","primaryPublicationUrl":"https://www.chalmermagne.com","primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl":"https://www.chalmermagne.com/subscribe?"}],"reaction":null,"reaction_count":121,"comment_count":11,"child_comment_count":9,"audio_items":[{"post_id":195735723,"voice_id":"en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural","audio_url":"https://substack-video.s3.amazonaws.com/video_upload/post/195735723/tts/d6f633df-f4c6-4294-9cdf-dcb7b42b8688/en-GB-OllieMultilingualNeural.mp3","type":"tts","status":"completed"}],"is_geoblocked":false,"hasCashtag":false}]